Karteikarten
Cognitive interview
Karten in diesem Stapel (6)
- 1Name and describe the 4 stages of the CIReport everything - Include every single detail of the event - seemingly trivial details could be important and could trigger other memories.
Reinstate the context - Return to the crime scene in their mind and imagine the environment and their emotions - this is linked to context-dependent forgetting
Reverse the order - Recalled in a different order to the original - prevents the reporting of expectations and dishonesty
Change of perspective - Recall the event from the perspective of other people - disrupts expectations and schemata - 2What is meant by the enhanced CI?Fisher et al 1987
Additional elements to focus on the social dynamics of the interaction.
For example, knowing when to establish eye-contact and when to relinquish it.
Reducing anxiety, minimising distractions, speaking slowly, using open-ended questions. - 3Many police forces are reluctant to use the CI. Why?The CI is time-consuming when compared to the standard interview.
More time is needed to establish rapport and allow the eyewitness to relax.
CI also requires special training --> forces may not have been able to provide more than a couple hours training.
It is unlikely that the proper version of the CI is actually used which explains why the police have been unimpressed - 4Outline research that supports the effectiveness of the ECIKohnken et al 1999:
Combined data from 50 studies - meta-anaylsis.
The ECI consistently provided more correct information than the standard interview.
These are real practical benefits to using the ECI as it gives the police a better chance of catching criminals. - 5Why is it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the CIVariations are used in every study.
Different techniques and the ECI.
If a research study evaluates the effectiveness of one version of the CI, then the findings may not apply when it is used differently by a different police force.
This makes it very difficult to compare the ways the CI is used.
It also makes it easier for police officers to reject it because they could argue that it wouldn't work within their force. - 6Does the CI only provide an increase in accurate information?Kohnken et al 1999:
Found an 81% increase of correct information.
Also found a 61% increase of incorrect information when compared to a standard interview.
Shows that CI can lead to more inaccurate information than a standard interview which causes doubt over whether the technique is actually more beneficial than a standard interview.
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- - Psychology (Memory) Karteikarten am Cognitive interview, erstellt von Lianna Peryer am 25/05/2017.
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- Lianna Peryer
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