Karteikarten
2
Karten in diesem Stapel (19)
- 1What is the learning curve law of repetition?More rehearsal, or maintenance, = better retention.
- 2Define acquisition/encoding?How new information is placed in memory
- 3Define storage.Where it is held in memory. Probably two steps; temporary memory trace in hippocampus and then integration in cortical information networks.
- 4Define retrievalRemembering - memory brought back into active use.
- 5What are the 3 stores of the mutli-store model?Sensory, STM and LTM
- 6Describe the characteristics of the sensory memory storeUnattended information is quickly lost - duration of msec-sec. Attention leads to STM.
- 7Describe the characteristics of STM.Unrehearsed information is quickly lost - sec-mins "90 secs". Rehearsal keeps it in STM and this can lead to it being stored in LTM.
- 8Describe the characteristics of LTM.Some information may be lost over time, but duration can be from days to indefinite. Can be retrieved for use in STM.
- 9What is the function of sensory memory?To keep sensory information in mind so we can attend to it if we want to.
- 10Describe Sperling's classic experiment on the visual sensory store.Brief presentation (50ms) of letters in 3x4 matrix. Participants were to name as many letters as possible. Most named about 4 but people had a feeling that they saw more.
- 11What was the conclusion about capacity from Sperling's study?Large amount of information held in iconic memory, perhaps even anything entering the visual system.
- 12What was the conclusion about duration from Sperling's study?After about 250-500 ms, performance approached full-report condition. Information in iconic memory decays rapidly (+-0.5s) and anything left was transferred to STM before it was lost.
- 13What is the function of STM?Conscious processing of information. Attention is the key, and limits what information comes under the spotlight of STM at any given time.
- 14What did Miller have to say about STM.The magic number is 7 plus or minus 2! Also chunking - grouping familiar stimuli for storage as a single unit.
- 15Criticism; pro-active interference.Previous trials generate interference, leading to a gradual decline in performance. When the nature of the stimulus changes, recall becomes accurate again.
- 16Difference between pro-active interference and retro-active interference?PI - recall becomes more difficult because the previous trials generate interference.
RI - if new material interferes backwards - 17What is the function of LTM store?Organises and stores information through different systems, and rehearsal is needed to go from STM to LTM.
- 18What is the recency effect?Better memory for first dew items on the list
- 19What is the primacy effect?Better memory for first few items on the list, but usually not as good as the most recent items.
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- Beschreibung
- Psychology (Memory and language ) Karteikarten am 2, erstellt von Craig Wilkinson am 30/05/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Craig Wilkinson
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- 2
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