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PE

harry_bygraves P.E A-Levels Englisch 92 Karten

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  1. 1Stages of a Warm up1. Pulse raiser
    2. Injury prevention
    3. Skill practice
    4. Sport specific
  2. 2What is a pulse raiserCV exercise to raise core body temp and increase heart rate
  3. 3What is injury preventionMobility exercises to increase muscle elasticity
  4. 4What is Skill PracticeWorking neuromuscular mechanisms needed in activity
  5. 5Three types of sport drink1. Isotionic
    2. Hypotonic
    3. Hypertonic
  6. 6Sources of energyaerobic system, ATP-PC system and Lactic acid
  7. 7Types of StretchingPNF, Ballistic, Static, Dynamic
  8. 8PNF stretchinginvolves passive stretching followed by isometric contractions
  9. 9BallisticUses bouncing to help forcibly stretch the muscle
  10. 10Static stretchingWhere the muscle is stretched to a safe limit and held
  11. 11Dynamic stretchingconsists of controlled movements taking the joint through its full range of movement
  12. 12Strategies to prevent anxiety and chokingMental rehersal and imagery, Self talk, Setting achievable goals, Performance monitoring, Pre-performance routines
  13. 13Effects of motivation and stress controlEmotional arousal, Verbal persusion, Vicarious experience, Performance accomplishments
  14. 14Emotion arousalhow a performer feels about arousal and anxiety levels
  15. 15Verbal persuasionSignificant others can encourage and motivate e.g. coach
  16. 16Vicarious experienceIf the athlete watches others perform and achieve success, then self confidence is likely to be high
  17. 17Performance accomplishmentsIf the athlete has been successful in the past then self confidence is likely to be high
  18. 18Effect of external influences on sportSocial loafing, Home advantage, Social facilitation, Social inhibition
  19. 19Social loafingrefers to a loss in motivation when group sizes get too big
  20. 20Home advantagecan have a positive effect on the motivation of athletes
  21. 21Social facilitationrefers to the positive influence other people can have on performance e.g team mates
  22. 22Social inhibitionrefers to the negative effects an audience can have on performance
  23. 23Types of anxietyTrait, State, Conitive, Somatic, Behavioural
  24. 24Trait anxietymore associated with someones anxiety
  25. 25State anxietySituation specific e.g taking a penalty
  26. 26Cognitive anxietyWorry and negative feeling about your own performance
  27. 27Somatic anxietyPhysiological symptoms such as raised HR
  28. 28Behavioual anxietyEperiencing tension, agitation, and restlessness
  29. 29Anxiety theoriesCatastrophe theory, Inverted U theory, Drive theory
  30. 30Catastrophe theoryArousal will increase performance when cognitive anxiety is low but there will be a big decline in performance when cognitive anxiety is high
  31. 31Factors athletes need to consider regarding kit and equipmentClimate, playing suface, indoor or outdoor, protection
  32. 32Factors athletes need to consider regarding enviromental and culturalBoots on hard ground, home support, pressure from the media
  33. 33Factors athletes need to consider regarding acclimitisationHumidty, heat
  34. 34Types of ergogenic aids (short term)Ice vests, Hypoxic chambers, Chemical aids (creatine), sports masssage
  35. 35WADA three factors1. Does the substance physically enhance performance
    2. Is the substance deprimental to health
    3. Does the substance conflict with the general spirit of the game
  36. 36Holding campUsed in weeks prior to competition, allows athletes to adjust to time zones and climates
  37. 37Preparation campA training base allowing athletes to familiarise themselves with the location. Used up to a year before the event
  38. 38FatigueA reduced capacity to complete work brought about by lack of oxygen, energy or muscle tiredness
  39. 39Factors that cause fatigueDepletion of muscle glycogen stores, accumilation of waste products, depletion of fuels
  40. 40Centeral governor theorySuggests that fatigue is an emotional response by the brain to stop muscles from being exhausted
  41. 41EPOCrefers to elevated ventilation and breathing rates after exercise
  42. 42Fast component of recoveryConcerned with restoration of muscle phosphagen stores and takes up to four minutes
  43. 43Slow component of recoveryThis is the process of returning the body to pre-exercise condition, including heat dissipation, energy replenishment, rehydration and removal of lactic acid
  44. 44DOMS, what causes themmuscle stiffness after exercise. Caused by microscopic tears and trauma to muscles from high intensity training.
  45. 45Ways of preventing DOMSBy building training intensity gradually, cross training
  46. 46Affects of cool down on recoverySignifficantly decreases recovery time. Light exercise keeps capillaries dialted to oxidise lactic acid and remove waste products
  47. 47Key Long-term adapationsIncrease Stroke volume, Increase cardiac output, More red blood cells, increase in myoglobin, decrease in body fat, increase muscle mass, increase energy stores, increase bodys ability to utilise lactic acid
  48. 48Continous trainingUsed mainly for developing endurance and aerobic energy system
  49. 49Interval trainingThis is work followed by periods of rest with a W:R ratio
  50. 50Plyometric trainingThis is power training involving eccentric to concentric muscle contractions
  51. 51Circuit trainingA series of exercises performed in order. Can be fitness or sport specific stations
  52. 52Weight trainingExercising with variable resistance. can improve muscular endurance, dynamic and maximal strength, power and posture
  53. 53SAQinvolves training the neuromuscluar system to make movements more automatic and explosive
  54. 54Speed trainingTypes of speed training include hollow sprints, acceleration sprints
  55. 55Stages of periodisationMacrocycle to Mesocycle to Microcycle
  56. 56S.M.A.R.T.E.RSpecific, Measurable, Agreed, Realistic, Time, Exciting, Recorded
  57. 57What qualities does goal setting aim to achieveConcentration, Control, Commitment, Confidence
  58. 58Benefits of effective goal settingBuildes self confidence, Motivates the performer, Focuses attention
  59. 59Types of goalPerformance goals, Shoert-term goals, Long-term goals, Outcome goals
  60. 60Four main attributionsAbility, Effort, Task difficulty, Luck
  61. 61Attribution retrainingHelping performers avoid failure by focusing on positive attributions and removal of negative feelings
  62. 62Types of motivationIntrinsic, extrinsic, achievement
  63. 63Intrinsic motivationInternal drive or feelings that make us do things
  64. 64Extrinsic motivationFeelings from rewards externally derived
  65. 65Achievement motivationDrive to succees or persit with a task
  66. 66Personality factorsNACH those with a need to achive. NAF those who need to avoid failure
  67. 67Situational factorsThe specific situation in which an individual performs will also affec their decision to accept a challenge. Two determining facotrs are; probability of success versus probability of failure. Incentive value of success versus incentive value of failure
  68. 68Psychological refractory periodThe delay in time it takes a performer to respond to a second stimulus after being presented with a first
  69. 69AnticipationThis descibes the process by which decisions are made from inerpreting an opponents movemement
  70. 70DeceptionA performer tries to decieve an opponent
  71. 71Role of visulisationProcess of creating a mental image of what you want to happen
  72. 72Perception dimenesions is dependant of four main componentsPheripheral vision, Depth perception, Dynamic acuity, Static acuity
  73. 73Tow types of cohesionTaks cohesion and Social cohesion
  74. 74Task cohesionThe degree that memebers work together to achieve common goals
  75. 75Social cohesionThe degree to which members like each other and interact
  76. 76Facotrs that affect the development of cohesionEnviromental (age, location), personal (drive to win, belief inthe group), leadership (influence of coach, manager), Team (roles targets)
  77. 77Strategies to enhance group cohesionEncourage social bonding, Set clear tema goals, avoid star billing, Holding trainign camps, avoid the formation of cliques
  78. 78Refinement techniqueThe greater the effieciency of movement, the greater the impact of any physical effort, the greater the result. Bad swimming technique uses lots of energy
  79. 79Observational feedbackWhen analysisng a performer you shoudl compare them to the perfect model. This can be broken down to; start postion, transition, exceution, recovery
  80. 80Video feedbackIs increasingly used to assess technique. Dartfish and prozone allow coaches to; observe several performers at one time, analyse biomechanics of performance, compare athletes easily, track players movements
  81. 81Technical ergogenic aidsForce plates, Pedometry, Heart rate monitor, Wind tunnels and aerodynamics, Power guages
  82. 82Force platesCalculate the force impacted in surfaces
  83. 83PedometryDevice to calculate distance covered
  84. 84Heart rate monitoringAllows athletes to determine intensity of training
  85. 85Wind tunnels and aerodynamicsused to test cycles
  86. 86Power gaugesMeasure power accurately
  87. 87Two ways sports technology can be used to improve performanceHelping the performer to perfect technique through analysis, refining playing kit and equipement to give an edge
  88. 88Performance analysisWorks on two main disciplines; Biomechanics ( works on movement techniques), Notion analysis (focuses on growth movements)
  89. 89Motion analysisPerformers move through, execute their skill, on a force plate and basic motion captured. Data recieved can inform whether energy is being wasted and technique could be improved
  90. 90Sports science acces for elite athletesSports vision specialists, Diet and fluid intake controlled, Performances annalysed in detail, Sports psychologists, Trainig schedules prepared by experts to maximise fitness
  91. 91Centralised modelElite sport is supported by state
  92. 92Decentralised modelNo single agency takes control

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A-Levels P.E Karteikarten am PE, erstellt von harry_bygraves am 12/06/2013.
Erstellt von
harry_bygraves
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p.e
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