Fichas
PE
Fichas del conjunto (92)
- 1Stages of a Warm up1. Pulse raiser
2. Injury prevention
3. Skill practice
4. Sport specific - 2What is a pulse raiserCV exercise to raise core body temp and increase heart rate
- 3What is injury preventionMobility exercises to increase muscle elasticity
- 4What is Skill PracticeWorking neuromuscular mechanisms needed in activity
- 5Three types of sport drink1. Isotionic
2. Hypotonic
3. Hypertonic - 6Sources of energyaerobic system, ATP-PC system and Lactic acid
- 7Types of StretchingPNF, Ballistic, Static, Dynamic
- 8PNF stretchinginvolves passive stretching followed by isometric contractions
- 9BallisticUses bouncing to help forcibly stretch the muscle
- 10Static stretchingWhere the muscle is stretched to a safe limit and held
- 11Dynamic stretchingconsists of controlled movements taking the joint through its full range of movement
- 12Strategies to prevent anxiety and chokingMental rehersal and imagery, Self talk, Setting achievable goals, Performance monitoring, Pre-performance routines
- 13Effects of motivation and stress controlEmotional arousal, Verbal persusion, Vicarious experience, Performance accomplishments
- 14Emotion arousalhow a performer feels about arousal and anxiety levels
- 15Verbal persuasionSignificant others can encourage and motivate e.g. coach
- 16Vicarious experienceIf the athlete watches others perform and achieve success, then self confidence is likely to be high
- 17Performance accomplishmentsIf the athlete has been successful in the past then self confidence is likely to be high
- 18Effect of external influences on sportSocial loafing, Home advantage, Social facilitation, Social inhibition
- 19Social loafingrefers to a loss in motivation when group sizes get too big
- 20Home advantagecan have a positive effect on the motivation of athletes
- 21Social facilitationrefers to the positive influence other people can have on performance e.g team mates
- 22Social inhibitionrefers to the negative effects an audience can have on performance
- 23Types of anxietyTrait, State, Conitive, Somatic, Behavioural
- 24Trait anxietymore associated with someones anxiety
- 25State anxietySituation specific e.g taking a penalty
- 26Cognitive anxietyWorry and negative feeling about your own performance
- 27Somatic anxietyPhysiological symptoms such as raised HR
- 28Behavioual anxietyEperiencing tension, agitation, and restlessness
- 29Anxiety theoriesCatastrophe theory, Inverted U theory, Drive theory
- 30Catastrophe theoryArousal will increase performance when cognitive anxiety is low but there will be a big decline in performance when cognitive anxiety is high
- 31Factors athletes need to consider regarding kit and equipmentClimate, playing suface, indoor or outdoor, protection
- 32Factors athletes need to consider regarding enviromental and culturalBoots on hard ground, home support, pressure from the media
- 33Factors athletes need to consider regarding acclimitisationHumidty, heat
- 34Types of ergogenic aids (short term)Ice vests, Hypoxic chambers, Chemical aids (creatine), sports masssage
- 35WADA three factors1. Does the substance physically enhance performance
2. Is the substance deprimental to health
3. Does the substance conflict with the general spirit of the game - 36Holding campUsed in weeks prior to competition, allows athletes to adjust to time zones and climates
- 37Preparation campA training base allowing athletes to familiarise themselves with the location. Used up to a year before the event
- 38FatigueA reduced capacity to complete work brought about by lack of oxygen, energy or muscle tiredness
- 39Factors that cause fatigueDepletion of muscle glycogen stores, accumilation of waste products, depletion of fuels
- 40Centeral governor theorySuggests that fatigue is an emotional response by the brain to stop muscles from being exhausted
- 41EPOCrefers to elevated ventilation and breathing rates after exercise
- 42Fast component of recoveryConcerned with restoration of muscle phosphagen stores and takes up to four minutes
- 43Slow component of recoveryThis is the process of returning the body to pre-exercise condition, including heat dissipation, energy replenishment, rehydration and removal of lactic acid
- 44DOMS, what causes themmuscle stiffness after exercise. Caused by microscopic tears and trauma to muscles from high intensity training.
- 45Ways of preventing DOMSBy building training intensity gradually, cross training
- 46Affects of cool down on recoverySignifficantly decreases recovery time. Light exercise keeps capillaries dialted to oxidise lactic acid and remove waste products
- 47Key Long-term adapationsIncrease Stroke volume, Increase cardiac output, More red blood cells, increase in myoglobin, decrease in body fat, increase muscle mass, increase energy stores, increase bodys ability to utilise lactic acid
- 48Continous trainingUsed mainly for developing endurance and aerobic energy system
- 49Interval trainingThis is work followed by periods of rest with a W:R ratio
- 50Plyometric trainingThis is power training involving eccentric to concentric muscle contractions
- 51Circuit trainingA series of exercises performed in order. Can be fitness or sport specific stations
- 52Weight trainingExercising with variable resistance. can improve muscular endurance, dynamic and maximal strength, power and posture
- 53SAQinvolves training the neuromuscluar system to make movements more automatic and explosive
- 54Speed trainingTypes of speed training include hollow sprints, acceleration sprints
- 55Stages of periodisationMacrocycle to Mesocycle to Microcycle
- 56S.M.A.R.T.E.RSpecific, Measurable, Agreed, Realistic, Time, Exciting, Recorded
- 57What qualities does goal setting aim to achieveConcentration, Control, Commitment, Confidence
- 58Benefits of effective goal settingBuildes self confidence, Motivates the performer, Focuses attention
- 59Types of goalPerformance goals, Shoert-term goals, Long-term goals, Outcome goals
- 60Four main attributionsAbility, Effort, Task difficulty, Luck
- 61Attribution retrainingHelping performers avoid failure by focusing on positive attributions and removal of negative feelings
- 62Types of motivationIntrinsic, extrinsic, achievement
- 63Intrinsic motivationInternal drive or feelings that make us do things
- 64Extrinsic motivationFeelings from rewards externally derived
- 65Achievement motivationDrive to succees or persit with a task
- 66Personality factorsNACH those with a need to achive. NAF those who need to avoid failure
- 67Situational factorsThe specific situation in which an individual performs will also affec their decision to accept a challenge. Two determining facotrs are; probability of success versus probability of failure. Incentive value of success versus incentive value of failure
- 68Psychological refractory periodThe delay in time it takes a performer to respond to a second stimulus after being presented with a first
- 69AnticipationThis descibes the process by which decisions are made from inerpreting an opponents movemement
- 70DeceptionA performer tries to decieve an opponent
- 71Role of visulisationProcess of creating a mental image of what you want to happen
- 72Perception dimenesions is dependant of four main componentsPheripheral vision, Depth perception, Dynamic acuity, Static acuity
- 73Tow types of cohesionTaks cohesion and Social cohesion
- 74Task cohesionThe degree that memebers work together to achieve common goals
- 75Social cohesionThe degree to which members like each other and interact
- 76Facotrs that affect the development of cohesionEnviromental (age, location), personal (drive to win, belief inthe group), leadership (influence of coach, manager), Team (roles targets)
- 77Strategies to enhance group cohesionEncourage social bonding, Set clear tema goals, avoid star billing, Holding trainign camps, avoid the formation of cliques
- 78Refinement techniqueThe greater the effieciency of movement, the greater the impact of any physical effort, the greater the result. Bad swimming technique uses lots of energy
- 79Observational feedbackWhen analysisng a performer you shoudl compare them to the perfect model. This can be broken down to; start postion, transition, exceution, recovery
- 80Video feedbackIs increasingly used to assess technique. Dartfish and prozone allow coaches to; observe several performers at one time, analyse biomechanics of performance, compare athletes easily, track players movements
- 81Technical ergogenic aidsForce plates, Pedometry, Heart rate monitor, Wind tunnels and aerodynamics, Power guages
- 82Force platesCalculate the force impacted in surfaces
- 83PedometryDevice to calculate distance covered
- 84Heart rate monitoringAllows athletes to determine intensity of training
- 85Wind tunnels and aerodynamicsused to test cycles
- 86Power gaugesMeasure power accurately
- 87Two ways sports technology can be used to improve performanceHelping the performer to perfect technique through analysis, refining playing kit and equipement to give an edge
- 88Performance analysisWorks on two main disciplines; Biomechanics ( works on movement techniques), Notion analysis (focuses on growth movements)
- 89Motion analysisPerformers move through, execute their skill, on a force plate and basic motion captured. Data recieved can inform whether energy is being wasted and technique could be improved
- 90Sports science acces for elite athletesSports vision specialists, Diet and fluid intake controlled, Performances annalysed in detail, Sports psychologists, Trainig schedules prepared by experts to maximise fitness
- 91Centralised modelElite sport is supported by state
- 92Decentralised modelNo single agency takes control
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- A-Levels P.E Fichas sobre PE, creado por harry_bygraves el 12/06/2013.
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- harry_bygraves
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