Karteikarten
Unit 2.4 - A statistical primer
Karten in diesem Stapel (27)
- 1Most commonly used descriptive statistics1) Frequency
2) Central tendency
3) variability - 2What is the first step in getting a picture of the data?Describing the data
- graph it - 3Descriptive statisticsSet of techniques used to organize, summarize, and interpret data
- 4What allows use to SEE distribution?Graph
- 5DistributionLocation of where the scores cluster on a number line and to what degree they're spread out
- 6FrequencyNumber of observations that fall within a certain category of range of scores
- 7Histogram axesY - Frequency
X - describes height of bars - 8Normal distribution (bell curve)Symmetrical distribution with values clustered around a central, mean value
- most people score in center, fewer at ends - 9Negatively skewed distributionCurve has extended tail to the left of the cluster
- 10Positively skewed distributionLong tail is on right of cluster
- 11Why do skews occur?Upper or lower limit to the data
- 12Central tendencymeasure of central point of distribution
- single number that represents entire data set
- depends on distribution of data - 133 measures used to describe central tenency- mean
- median
- mode - 14Median- 50th percentile
- point on horizontal axis where 50% of obs are lower and 50% of all obs are higher (middle number) - 15ModeCategory w most obs
(most frequently occurring number) - 16What gives us more info about central tendency?Mean, median
- 17When is mode used?Categorical data
- 18What is the best measure of central tendency when distributions are skewed?Median
- mean gets pulled towards extremes/tail
- median is relatively stable - 19VariabilityDegree to which scores are dispersed in a distribution
- 20Standard deviationMeasure of variability around the mean
- 21Statistical SignificanceImplies the mean of the groups are farther apart than you would expect them to be by random chance alone
- 22How to researchers determine actual significance?Analyze data using hypothesis test
- 23Hypothesis testStatistical method of evaluating whether differences among groups are meaningful or could have been arrived at by chance
- 24Null Hypothesisassumes differences between groups are due to chance
- 25Experimental hypothesisassumes differences are due to variable controlled by experimenter
- 26Statistics: 2 general steps1) organize data - table, graphs
2) test to see if differences bw groups are meaningful - 27How do researchers analyze data?Hypothesis testing
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- Psychology Karteikarten am Unit 2.4 - A statistical primer, erstellt von Tia Arnaud am 23/05/2018.
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