Karteikarten
GI tract
Karten in diesem Stapel (105)
- 1Peristalsis, segmentation and reflexes are _intestinal movements
- 2Intestines | contraction of both circular and longitudinal muscle layersperistalsis
- 3Intestines | contents go back and forth. Combines the chyme and digestive juicessegmentation
- 42 types of intestinal reflexesgastroenteric & gastroileal
- 5_ reflex triggers relaxation of ileocecal valveGastroileal
- 6_ reflex is initiated by stretch receptors in stomachGastroenteric.
- 7another name for the abdominal cavityperitoneal cavity
- 8the _ lays between diaphragm and pelvic inlet, extending to thoracic cageperitoneal cavity
- 9what are the 3 regions of the abdominal cavity?Fore-, mid- and hingut
- 10the _ includes distal esophagus, stomach, proximal half of duodenum, liver, gall blader and superior pancreasforegut
- 11the midgut includes _ half of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, apendix, _ colon, proximal portion of _ colondistal, ascending, transverse
- 12The hidgut includes _ portion of _ colon, _ colon, sigmoidal colon, _, and anal canaldistal, transverse, descending, rectum
- 13Only the _gut connects to with the yolk sack during developmentMid-
- 14During development the _derm forms the primitive gut tubeendo
- 15The peritoneum is a serous membrane surronding the _abdominal cavity
- 16The peritoneum has 2 layers: _ and _visceral and parietal
- 17Fluid secretion that facilitates the movement of viscera during digestion is a function of the _peritoneum
- 18Stomach, jejunum, ileum, spleen, liver, gallblader, cecum, appendix, transverse and sigmoidal colon are _ organsinterperitoneal
- 19_ suspened the interperitoneal organs anchoring them to the body wallMesentaries
- 20_ is a fold of the peritoneum conecting the stomach and abdominal wallOmenta
- 21Superior and inferior mesentric, and celiac trunk _ are important for abdominal circulationarteries
- 22The _ artery bifurcates into the right and left common _ to each legabdominal, iliac arteries
- 23superior and inferior mesentric, splenic, and portal _ are important for blood return to the heartveins
- 24the _ vein connects to the liverportal
- 25spleen, pancreas, gallblader, kidneys, and adrenal glands are part of the abdominal _viscera
- 26the _ separates the larynx from the esophagusepiglottis
- 27the upper 1/3 of the esophagus consist of _ muscle.voluntary
- 28the middle 1/3 of the esophagus consist of a mixture of _ and _, while the lower 1/3 is only _ musclevoluntary and smooth, smooth
- 29the _ travels posterior to the trachea and pierces the _ to enter the stomach, through the _ orificeesophagus, diafragm, cardial
- 30When the bolus descend the _ expands to elicit reflex _ in the inferior 2/3 of the esophaguslumen, peristalsis
- 31the esophagus has _ innervation on the upper halfsomatic ( controls voluntary muscular movements)
- 32The stomach and esophagus are separated by the _ sphincteresophageal
- 33The stomach acts as a food _ and _. It performs _ digestionblender, reservoir, enzymatic
- 34Stomach muscles arrange _ to each otherperpendicularly
- 35_ converts food into chymegastric juice
- 36The _ surrounds the cardial orificecardia
- 37The Fundus is the _ portion of the stomach, to the _ of the diaohragmsuperior, left
- 38The pyloric part of the stomach is _-shaped and thickens to form the pyloric _funnel, sphincter
- 39The parts of the stomach are (GC, LC, C, F, B, PP)greater curvature, lesser curvature, cardia, fundus, body, pyloric part
- 40The gastric mucosa folds to form the _ and increase _ for increased digestionruggae , surface area
- 41_ is an enzyme that breaks down proteins and carbohydrates, starting in the stomach and later on the small intestinepepsin
- 42In the stomach there's little _ but some drugs are absorbedabsorption of nutrients
- 43What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?Duodenum, Jejunum, ileum
- 44The majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients happens at the _duodenum
- 45The duodenum is _-shaped around the _C, pancreas
- 46The _ receives bile and pancreatic fluid via duodenal papilladuodenum
- 47The jejunum represents _ of the total length of the small intestine2/5
- 48Most of the jejunum lies on the _ quadrant and absorbs the remainder _, _, and _upper left, nutrients, fat, H2O
- 49The ileum represents _ of the total length of the small intestine, and lies in the _ quadrant3/5, lower right
- 50The _ absorbs mainly H2O and fatileum
- 51The Haustra are _ the tenia coli (3 thickened bands of _ muscle)sacs | smooth
- 52_ consist of cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, and anuslarge intestine
- 53the large intestine absorbs _ and _ produced by bacteriawater and vitamins
- 54distension of the rectal walls triggers the _ reflexdefecation
- 55The ascending and transverse colon receive blood from the _ mesenteric arterysuperior
- 56The ileum terminate into the _ via ileocecal orifice and valcececum
- 57The cecum can be displaced from its resting position (T/F)TRUE
- 58The colon's 2 main functions are:movement of ingesta and H2O absorption
- 59the colon is lined with _ to absorb any remaining nutrientsbacteria
- 60The descending c, sigmoid c, and rectum receive blood from _ mesenteric arteryinferior
- 61enzymatic digestion primarily occurs in the _; absorption primarily occurs in the _stomach, duodenum
- 62Types of digestionmechanical and chemical
- 63digestion happens under _ regulationparasympathetic
- 64para- vs sympathetic nerveous systemhomeostasis vs fight-flight response
- 65di- and polysaccharides are form by _ synthesisdehydration
- 66example of monocaccharideglucose
- 67example of polysaccharidestarch
- 68_ are important for structure, signaling and energy storagelipids
- 69Lipids behavior in water:hydrophobic
- 70_ formed from chains of amino acidsproteins
- 71alpha-helix and pleated sheet are _ structures of proteinssecondary
- 72Hemoglopin, keratin and collagen are examples of proteins with _ structurequaternary
- 73All vitamins are soluble in water (T/F)False, just Bcomplex and C
- 74_ are the inorganic counterpart to vitaminsminerals
- 75Minerals | Na and K create _ for signaling and Fe binds _potential difference, O2
- 76How many salivery glands produce saliva?3
- 77Sublingual, submandibular, and Parotid glands are involved in the production/secretion of _saliva
- 78Saliva begins the breakdown of _ and _sugars and fats
- 79what acid do gastric glands produce?HCl
- 80the stomach walls are coated with _ as protection from HClmucous
- 81The stomach breaks down _ and _ protein structures to expose peptide bonds to enzymestertieary and quaternary
- 82What hormone is released in response to low pH in the duodenum?secretin
- 83The secretin hormone causes the release of bicarbonate and enzymes from _pancreas
- 84what's the function of the bicarbonate released from the pancreas?activates enzymes, liver and gallbladder
- 85Brunner's glands are _ and protect the duodenum from _mucous secreting glands, HCl
- 86What organ has head, body and tail?pancreas
- 87The pancreas lies _ to the stomach and _ to the L/R renal arteries and veinsposterior, superior
- 88The pancreas has 2 types of glands:digestive and endocrine
- 89Production of pancreatic juice and enzymes, and buffering low pH are functions of the pancreas _ glanddigestive
- 90Production of glycogen and insulin are functions of the pancreas _ glandendocrine
- 91Whats the length of the pancreatic duct?same as pancreas
- 92insufficient secretion by pancreas leads to _starvation
- 93Liver is the larges _ in the bodygland
- 94Liver's main function is _, and the secondary functions are secretion of _ and storage of _filtering, bile, glycogen
- 95The falciform ligament divides the _ and _ of the _left, right, liver
- 96the gallbladder stores _ and releases it when _ enters the _bile, fats, duodenum
- 97the hepatic duct (from liver) and the cystic duct from (gallbladder) join to form the _ duct that empties into the duodenumbile
- 98bile mixes with pancreatic lipases to enhance _ digestionlipids
- 99the epithelia only absorbs _-saccharidesmono
- 100what are micelles?lipid-bile salt complexes
- 101pepsin, trypsin, shymotrypsin and elastase enzymes digest _proteins
- 102the lipids 2 destinations are: AT and SMadipose tissues and skeletal muscle
- 103aminoacids and glucose are required for _ tissue(s)All
- 104Lipids are required for _ tissue and _ muscleAdipose, skeletal
- 105The organ that doesnt contribute to lipid digestion is the _stomach
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- Karteikarten am GI tract, erstellt von Nicole Crozon am 24/04/2019.
- Erstellt von
- Nicole Crozon
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