Karteikarten
Offender Profiling
Karten in diesem Stapel (17)
- 1Name the two approaches to offender profilingBottom up
Top down - 2How was the Top-down approach created?Developed by the FBI (Behavioural Science Unit) in the 1970s after interviews with 36 serial killers
- 3Name the 7 aspects to the Top-down approachMurder Type
Primary Intent
Victim Risk
Offender Risk
Escalation
Time factors
Location factors - 4What are the two types of criminal?Organised
Disorganised - 5What are the characteristics of an organised criminal?Victim is chosen
Weapon is absent and body is hidden, the crime scene is cleared
Intelligent, socially and sexually competent with a skilled occupation - 6What are the characteristics of a disorganised criminal?Random victim and spontaneous crime
Weapon and body left at the scene
Average intelligence, socially and sexually incompetent, often unemployed and living alone - 7What are the 4 main stages of constructing a profile?Data assimilation - review of evidence
Crime scene classification - which type?
Crime reconstruction
Profile generation - 8Name evidence that questions the validity of the top-down approach.Canter et al. (2004) did a smallest space analysis of 100 murders in the USA and found evidence for an organised type but not a disorganised type
- 9What are the issues with the top-down approach?Does not apply to common crimes
Based on "static" model of personality
The types are not mutually exclusive
The original sample was too small - 10What are the two aspects of the bottom-up approach?Investigative psychology
Geographical profiling - 11What is the main difference between top-down and bottom-up?Bottom-up is based on statistical investigation
- 12Who developed Investigative psychology?David Canter
- 13What are the 5 assumptions of Investigative psychology?Interpersonal coherence - behaviour is consistent
Time and place - give us clues about the offender
Criminal characteristics (categorised)
Criminal career
Forensic awareness - may have committed before - 14What are the 4 main principles of Geographical profiling?Locatedness - where the crime took place
Systematic crime location choice
Centrality - commuter or marauder?
Comparative case analysis - were other crimes committed by the same offender - 15Name the evidence that supports Investigative psychologyCanter and Heritage (1990) conducted a content analysis of 66 sexual assault cases. The program found several similar characteristics, showing how useful Investigative psychology could be
- 16Name the evidence that supports geographical profilingLundrigan and Canter (2001) analysed 120 US murders and found that almost all of them had spatial consistency
- 17Name the two strengths of the bottom-up approach (NOT RESEARCH METHODS)Scientific basis and more objective
Wider application than TD
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- A level Psychology (Forensic) Karteikarten am Offender Profiling, erstellt von Bethany Barnes am 08/01/2020.
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- Bethany Barnes
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