Karteikarten
Memory- short & long term memory
Karten in diesem Stapel (11)
- 1Capacity STMMiller:
- 'The Magic Number' is 7 +- 2
- Concluded chunking can increase capacity - 2EVALUATION: Capacity STM WeaknessP- No replication
E- Cowan: reviewed range studies and found four chunks is the limit of STM.
E- This means lower end of magic number more appropriate.
L- STM not extensive as thought to be & miller theory not as accurate. - 3EVALUATION: Capacity STM StrengthP- Size of chunk matters.
E- Simon: shorter memory for bigger chunks than smaller chunks.
E- Means chunking may not always increase capacity as originally thought by Miller.
L- Support view that STM limited and refines our understanding. - 4Duration STMPeterson:
- asked to recall consonant syllable & 3-digit number over different retention intervals.
- During retention had to count backwards from number.
- 90% correct (3 sec)
- 2% correct (18 sec) - 5EVALUATION: Duration STM CriticismP- Artificial
E- Consonant syllables do not reflect everyday activities
E- Means study may not be reliable however, some meaningless things remembered e.g. phone numbers.
L- Task may be artificial but some relevance to life. - 6EVALUATION: Duration STM WeaknessP- Did not actually measure duration of STM.
E- Reitman: did study using auditory tones instead and found STM longer.
E- Counting in retention interval may overwrite info.
L- Petersons' study was due to displacement, not decay. - 7Coding STMBaddeley:
- Used list of acoustically similar words e.g. cat, cab
- Found harder to remember in STM
- STM uses acoustic coding - 8EVALUATION: Coding STMP- Visual codes also used.
E- Brandimote: gave visual task, stopped verbal rehearsal so only used visual code.
E- Not exclusively acoustic.
L- Baddeley must also consider other coding. - 9Duration LTMBahrick: 400 pps (17-74)
- Given 50 photos from their high school yearbook
- 15 yrs of graduation: 90% accurate
- 48 yrs of graduation: 70% accurate - 10Coding LTMBaddeley:
- Used list of semantically similar words e.g. big, large
- Found harder to remember in LTM
- LTM uses semantic coding - 11EVALUATION: Coding LTMP- Baddeley did not test LTM.
E- pps asked to recall words for LTM after 20 mins
E- Questionable as to whether this is testing LTM.
L- Casts doubt on validity of research
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- A level Psychology (Memory) Karteikarten am Memory- short & long term memory, erstellt von Qashrina Collier am 11/04/2021.
- Erstellt von
- Qashrina Collier
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