Karteikarten
Social Development - Research
Karten in diesem Stapel (33)
- 1Melzoff and MooreImitation - caregiver infant interactions- imitate three facial expressions and one finger movement. Significant association between models behaviour and infants behaviour.
- 2Isabella et alSecure mother infant pairs were those who had shown more instances of interactional synchrony
- 3Klaus and KennelSkin to skin contact in critical period after birth enjoyed better relationships
- 4LeVine et alKenyan mothers rarely cuddle at all even though they are attentive and have secure attachments
- 5HarlowRhesus monkey seperated and put with a wire moter and a cloth mother. Spent more time with cloth mother even though wire monkey had food. When released were delinquents and aggressive
- 6AinsworthStrange Situaiton - 8 episodes, two seperations, looked for behaviours such as proximity seeking, proximity maintainamce, following, crying, stranger fear. Found different types of attachment and type of attachment dependent on mothers sensitivity
- 7Van IjzendoornFound category percentages found by Ainsworth were not universal.
- 8De Woolf and van IjzendoornOnly a weak link between mothers sensitivity to the child and security of attachment
- 9Main et alAdult Attachment Interview - classifying adults for how attached they were as children by their recollections
- 10CurtissGenie - isolated by her parents at home. Found when she was 13, little progress was made on her social or cognitive development
- 11KoluchovaTwin boys locked in a cellar from 18 months to 7 years. IQ was normal and had normal family attachments. Privation was overcome
- 12Robertson & RobertsonIllustration of protest-despair-detachment sequence - filmed seperations of young children in care for a short time. 7 months to 3 years most vunerable to suffering from distress of separation
- 13BelskyCombined several studies to see effects of day care on attachment. Child negatively affected if spend more than 20 hours a week in non maternal care
- 14Rutter (1998)111 Romaian adoptees comapred to 52 Uk adoptees. Negative outcomes could be overcome with substitute care. Separation from mother alone is not sufficient to cause negative outcomes
- 15Rutter (2007)144 Romanian children compared to 52 Uk. 9.2% of Romanians showed quasi autistic like symptoms - 0% UK. Half of 9.2% had other symptoms. Negative effects not overcome.
- 16Beckett et al.Children adopted after 6 months continued to show negative cognitive effects at 11 years.
- 17Bowlby44 juevenile thieves. 14 described as affectionless psychopaths.Some of these were separated from their mother in the first 2 years of life - suffered maternal deprivation
- 18Hodges & TizardShowed children adopted at 7 could develop attachments
- 19Schaffer and EmersonNo. of attachments - 60 Scottish infants. Found that by 18 months most children had formed more than one attachment and some as many as five. 75% as selected both parents
- 20SelmanAge related change in friendship
- 21DamonAge related stages in friendship - interviews. 7 years - like or dislike - spend time with. 8-11 - based on mutual interests. 12+ mutual understanding, sharing of intamacies
- 22Bigelow and La GaipaAge -Scotland and Canada - essays about their best friend. Content of the essays analysed. Younger children focused on common activities. Older children focused on similarity, acceptance, loyalty, intimacy
- 23BenensonSex differences in friendship. 10 year olds. Rate peers and interviews. Boys extensive - focus on status of the group. Girls - intensive, small groups, focus on small group activities
- 24LeverSex Differences - 10 year old interviewed. Girls were most comfortable with a single best friend, shared personal intimacies. Boys shared group secrets and information about group strategy
- 25KandelSimilarity - Longitudinal study of adolescent friendships from start to end of a school year, which suggests similarity is important in friendship
- 26Vaughn and LangloisAttractiveness - significant correlation between ratings of physical attractiveness and popularity using a sociometric analysis with 59 preschool children
- 27Dodge et alPersonality - 5 year olds observed in playground. Watched how a third would approach two children. Popular children watched and waited, made group orientated statement. Rejected children were active and aggressive, disrupting the play
- 28Hazan and ShaverEarly Relationships - The three types of attachment shown in Ainsworths strange situation are carried through to later relationships with other people
- 29Oden and AsherPoor Social Skills - Train isolated 8-9 year olds, social skills such as how to join in. At the end of the programme they were no longer isolated
- 30Cowen et alConsequences - Longitudunal study - 800 children - peer relationship on psychological well being. Children rated negatively by their peers at 8 were more likely to suffer from a variety of psychiatric problems throughout life
- 31DuckSimilarly found that rejected children were more likely to grow up to suffer from a range of behavioural and mental disorders including alcholism, depression...
- 32Kuperschmidt and CoieNegative life outcomes - rejected children were three times more likely to be in trouble with the police
- 33BagwellIdentified friended and chumless people based on peer ratings. Rejected children had a poorer life status. Friended children had better family relationships and self esteem. Rejected children showed symptoms of mental disorders
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- A level Psychology Karteikarten am Social Development - Research, erstellt von gemma.woolley am 11/05/2014.
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- gemma.woolley
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