Karteikarten
EWT: The Cognitive Interview
Karten in diesem Stapel (3)
- 1Fisher and Geiselman (1992) claim that EWT could be improved if the police used techniques based on psychological insights on how memory works. They called it the cognitive interview and Rapport is established with the interviewee.1. Report everything (encouraged to report every detail) 2. Reinstate context (return to the original crime scene in their minds, based on context-dependent forgetting) 3. Reverse order (events are recalled in different chronological order, prevents people from using their expectations of how events must have happened) 4. Change perspective (Recall as if they was another person there, this prevents the influence of expectations and schema on recall) 5. Enhanced cognitive recall (Fisher at al 1987 developed additional elements which include's a focus on the social dynamics of the interaction and open-ended questions)
- 2Some elements of the CI are useful. Milne and Bull (2002) found each element od the CI equally as valuable but they found a combination of report everything and context reinstatement produced better recall than any other individually.Showing at least these 2 elements should be used by police.Another strength is the support of effectiveness of the enhanced CI. A meta-analysis by Kohnken at al (1999) combined data from 50 studies and found the enhanced CI provided more correct information than the standard interview used by police, Indicates practical applications.
- 3However, CI is time-consuming. Police are reluctant to use CI as it takes a lot more time than the standard interview used by police. Kebbell and Wagstaff (1997) also pointed out that the CI needs special training which costs time and money. Many police forces have not been able to provide enough hours on training, therefore, it is likely that the CI is not used accurately because it is time-consuming.Also the CI may produce an increase in inaccurate information. Kohnken (1999) found an 81% increase in correct information but also a 61% increase in incorrect information when the enhanced CI was compared to the standard interview. The increase in correct information implies the police should use the enhanced CI but this research also implies that the police should take all information with caution. As an increase in incorrect information has been found when comparing the enhanced CI to the standard interview.
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- A level Psychology (Memory ) Karteikarten am EWT: The Cognitive Interview , erstellt von ashleigh pittaway am 24/05/2017.
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- ashleigh pittaway
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