Respiratory System

Respiratory System

1. Body Cavities

   • – Thorax – Abdomen – Pelvis

2. Serous Membranes

   • Inner epithelial layer & outer connective tissue layer
   • Lining abdomen/pelvis: peritoneum
   • Lining thorax: pleura (2 pleural cavities & mediastinum)
   • Visceral (lines organs) & parietal (lines walls of cavities)

3. Functions

   • • Conduct inspired/expired air • Gaseous exchange • Olfaction • Phonation • Temperature regulation

4. Components

   • Essential organs (lungs)
   • Ancillary organs (support)

5. Conchae

   • Lined with ciliated mucous epithelium (cleaning)
   • Areas for heat exchange (warm air)
   • Olfaction (ethmoconchae)

6. Pharynx

   • Divided by soft palate into nasopharynx & oropharynx

7. Layrnx

   • Series of pieces of cartilage
   • Vocal ligaments/folds
   • Epiglottis (prevents food/saliva entering trachea)

8. Trachea

   • Series of c-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage with fibrous tissue and trachealis muscle
   • Lined with ciliated mucous epithelium
   • Trachea -> Primary bronchi -> Lobar bronchi -> Segmental bronchi
     • Bronchiole (no cartilage) -> Respiratory bronchiole -> Alveolar ductule -> Alveolar saccule
       • Epithelium alveoli close pulmonary capillary network

9. Lung Lobation

   • Left: Caudal lobe, Cranial lobe (caudal), Cranial lobe (cranial)
   • Right: caudal, cranial, middle & accessory