PSYA1- EWT

PSYA1- EWT

1. Age

   • AO1
     • Significant factor
     • Dent (1988) found children usually provide fewer details without prompting
       • also perform significantly worse than adults when asked specific questions
     • children seem more willing to accept inaccurate information given by adults in fear of contradicting
   • AO2
     • Strengths
       • Research supports
         • Cohen and Faulker (1989) showed a kidnapping then presented misleading information, the mean age that was misleads 70
       • Loftus et al (1991) found that over 65's were a lot more suggestible
     • Weakness'
       • conflicting research
         • More recent research (Coxon and Valentine) suggests older witness' aren't so unreliable
       • Age or other factors? young adults may perform better as used to memory tests (exams)

2. Anxiety

   • AO2
     • Strengths
       • Peters (1988) research supports the inverted U theory
       • Peter (1988) jab at local health clinic photo recognition for researchers much easier than the nurse as when they were having the jab their anxiety was heightened
     • Weakness
       • Over simplified explanation, Deffenbacher (2004) reviewed earlier findings and claims they're simplified
       • Yuielle and Cutshall; witness were constantly accurate despite high anxiety and naturalistic show of real life crime
   • AO1
     • Anxiety associated with real life crime
     • • Yerkes Dodson law (1908) suggested performance will increase to an optimal point with anxiety then decrease
       • Deffenbacher (1983) investigated the link in a review of 21 studies he hypothesised performance relationship follows an inverted U

3. Misleading information

   • AO2
     • 45 students + lab experiment shows low ecological validity and a high chance of demand characteristics
     • Real life EWT research supports/ Yuillle and Cutshall in the Gun Shop
   • AO1
     • Loftus and Palmer (1974) affect on verb on mean speed estimates among students shown a car crash
     • Mean speed dependant on verb used- smashed had a mean speed of 40.8 whereas contacted was 31.8

4. Cognitive Interveiw

   • AO1
     • Fisher and Geiselman; 4 componants
       • -Report everything -Context reinstatement -Change the order -Change the perspective
   • AO2
     • Research supports

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