Inheritance

Inheritance

1. Extends: Extends a class when placed in class declaration.

2. "Is-a" relationship: Connects a subclass to a superclass.

3. Subclass: Inherits all the public methods of it's superclass.

4. Same Package: If a superclass and a subclass are in the same package, you can access the superclass's default methods and fiends, not just its public methods.

5. Protected Methods: Cannot be accessed from outside unless by a subclass.

6. Method Overriding: When you change the behavior of a method in the parent class.

7. Super: Represents an instance of the direct superclass of the current object.

8. Constructors:

   • Sub: Calls the single argument constructor of the parent class
   • Base

9. Hidden Members: Hidden members or overridden methods in the superclass can be called by the super keyword.

10. Type Casting:

    • Upcasting: When an object is casted to a parent class.
    • Downcasting: When an object is casted down a class in the inheritance heirarchy.

11. Final: Prevents others from extending a class.

12. "Instanceof": This keyword can be used to test if an object is of a specified type.