psychology memory

psychology memory

1. types of long term memory

   • procedural
     • physical skills that are acquired through repetition and practice, then becomes automatic
       • areas active = cerebellum and motor cortex
   • semantic
     • shared memory for facts and knowledge (social customs)
       • brain damaged patients could have problems with the connection between parts of the brain and not the localised area
       • areas active = temporal lobe
   • episodic
     • personal events, specific details, context and emotions
       • different areas are active, hippocampus, temporal lobe and frontal lobe

2. short and long term memory

   • primary and recency effect
     • Glanzer and Curtis
       • remember more words at the start and end of the list - rehearsal for LTM
         • lack of ecological validity
   • coding
     • Baddeley, STM encoded acoustically and LTM encoded semantically
       • not test LTM with 20 minute intervals - too short
       • STM not always acoustic can be visual, same for LTM
   • duraction
     • LTM, Bahrick year book, 15 years 90% and 48 years 60-80%
     • STM, Peterson and Peterson, recall consonant syllable after intervals. 3 seconds = 90% accuracy and 9 seconds = 20% accuracy
       • Reitman: auditory tines longer STM due to displacement of decay
       • artificial, not real life situation, results could be due to displacement
   • capacity
     • Jacobs, Span 9.3 items and 7.3 letters
     • Miller immediate memory 7+/-2
       • Jacobs recall increased with age - brain capacity pr strategies developed
         • Cowan max 4 chunks not as extesive as first thought