The Changing Rural Environment

The Changing Rural Environment

1. Rural Urban Fringe

   • where is it?
   • why locate here? Advantages
   • out of town retail, leisure, transport developments, suburban villages
     • case study - The Trafford centre
       • exam answer
     • Suburban villages
       • how have they changed? - 3 stages
       • why would you move here from the city?
       • Case study - Garstang
       • Characteristics and factors significant to a village expanding
         • advantages
         • disadvantages

2. Rural areas in decline RHYD Snowdonia

   • other examples locations
   • what causes rural decline and depopulation?
     • impact of second homes
   • what are the effects of rural decline and depopulation?
   • what are the sustainable solutions to rural decline?
     • supporting the needs of the rural population
     • supporting the rural economy
     • conserving resources and protecting the environment
     • National parks

3. MEDC intensive agriculture

   • Case study - arable farming system in East Anglia
     • How has farming affected the landscape?
       • environmental
         • Policies to farm sustainably
           • organic
           • stewardship
           • diversification
         • GM crops
       • social
         • future generations
       • economic
         • agri business
       • CAP
         • pesticides, fertiliser, hedgerows
     • demands of markets
       • supermarket chains
         • seasonal foods
         • foodmiles
       • food processing firms

4. LEDC Subsistence agriculture

   • problems in sub tropical areas
     • climate
       • drought
         • irrigation types
           • salinisation
             • Appropriate technology
     • soil erosion
       • causes
       • solutions
       • effect
     • case study KENYA
       • Cash crops as solution to problems
         • positive impacts
         • negative impacts
   • Changes to traditional farming in tropical area
     • Brazil Amazon

5. Rural to urban migration

   • Failing agricultural system case study - Lesotho