Models of memory

Models of memory

1. Multi-Store Model

   • STM store
     • Rehearsal into LTM
     • Displaces old info out for new
   • LTM store
     • Relies on STM
     • More frequently rehearsed, more likely to be recalled
   • Sensory store
     • 5 stores for each sense
     • Attention or ignore

2. LTM

   • Capacity: unlimited
   • Duration: lifetime
     • Experimental techniques- cues
     • Depth of learning
     • Pattern of learning- spaced or crammed
     • Type of material
   • Encoding: mainly semantic
   • Explicit memory
     • Declarative knowledge- knowing that
     • Episodic & Semantic
   • Implicit
     • Procedural knowledge- knowing how

3. STM

   • Capacity: 7+/-2 units
     • Rehearsal
     • Reading aloud
     • Pronunciation time
     • Individual differences
   • Encoding: Mainly acoustic
   • Duration: 20 secs
     • Rehearsal
     • Intention to recall
     • Amount to be recalled

4. SM

   • Info reaches here first
   • 3 memory stores
     • Iconic
     • Echoic
     • Haptic
   • Decides what to give attention to and ignore

5. Working Memory Model

   • Central Executive
     • Controls 2 slave systems
     • Decides what's attended to and where to send it
     • Limited capacity
     • Pre-frontal cortex
   • Phonological Loop
     • Auditory info
     • Phonological store
     • Limited capacity
     • Articulatory loop
   • Visuo-spatial sketchpad
     • What info looks like how it's laid out
     • Limited capacity
     • Inner scribe
     • Visual Cache

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