Psychometric Approach to Intelligence

Psychometric Approach to Intelligence

1. Identify and measure abilities that underlie differences in performance

   • Factor Analysis
     • Reduce large no. of measures/results to smaller 'clusters'
       • Variables that correlate highly in a cluster
       • Variables in different clusters correlate less
         • Factors are distinct but common

2. The 'G' Factor

   • Spearman
   • General Ability
     • Performance partly determined by 'G' and partly by special abilities required to carry out task
   • Widely believe it is the CORE
   • Major predictor of Academic and Job Performance

3. Primary Mental Abilities

   • Thurstone
   • 7 Distinct Abilities
     • 1. Space
       • 2. Verbal Comprehension
         • 3. Word Fluencey
           • 4. Number Facility
             • 5. Perceptual Speed
               • 6. Rote Memory
                 • 7. Reasoning
   • Attractive to educators
     • Feasible to increase special abililties than G

4. Crystalized vs. Fluid

   • Crystalised
     • Previously learned info
     • Retrieved from LTM
   • Fluid
     • Solve novel problems in a creative manner
     • Reasoning
     • Manage STM/WM to solve
     • Logical Thinking
   • Catell and Horn

5. Three Stratum Model

   • Carroll
     • Elements from Spearman, Thurstone and Cattell/Horn
       • 3 Levels arranged in a hierachy
         • Statum III
           • Stratum II
             • 8 Broad Factors
             • Influenced by G
             • Basic Cognitive Functions
             • Stratum I
               • 70 Highly Specific Abilities
           • G Factor
       • Most Complete and detailed map of intellect