LT2 - Learning Theory

LT2 - Learning Theory

1. AO1

   • Dollard & Miller
     • 'Cupboard Love'
     • Operant Conidtioning
       • Positive Reinforcement
         • Baby: Add Pleasure from food
           • Caregiver: Adds Attachment/Bonding/Closeness feeling
       • Negative Reinforcement
         • Baby: Removes hunger
           • Caregiver: Removes pain/distress of baby crying
       • baby crying increases in frequency
         • Functions for reinforcement
     • Classical Conditioning
       • UCS = Food
         • UCR = Pleasure
           • NS = Mother
       • Step 1
         • UCS => UCR
         • Step 2
           • NS = No response
           • Step 3
             • UCS + NS = UCR
             • Step 4
               • CS = CR
       • CS = Mother
         • CR = Pleasure
     • Secondary Drive
       • Secondary Drive Hypothesis
         • Drive Reduction
           • Primary Drives
             • Phsyiological motives
             • Sears et al
               • Primary drive is met by mother
                 • Primary drive GENERALISES to her
                   • Infant therefore seeks mother when distressed

2. AO3

   • Weaknesses
     • P: Ignores other factoes
       • E1: Early infant-caregiver interaction ignored
         • E2: Reciprocity, IS ignored
           • E3: If babies only interacted for food, they'd only interact when hungry
     • P: Counter animal evidence
       • E1: Lorenz imprinting
         • E2: Harlow contact comfort over biological needs
           • E3: Monekys less complex, we can generalise to humans?
             • L: Suggests LT is not credible
               • CP: Lorenz imprinting not generalisable
   • Strengths
     • P: Newer LT theory
       • E1: Hay, Vespo - Parents teach infants via modelling (Hugs, Compliments)
         • E2: Parents give enthusiastic social rewards
           • E3: Imitation of behaviour, reciprocity?
             • L: Undeniable omissions,