MULTI-STORE MODEL

MULTI-STORE MODEL

1. 1. SENSORY REGISTER

   • Iconic Memory - stores and processes information for visual stimuli such as shapes, size and colour.
   • Echoic Memory - stores and processes information about sound e.g. pitch, tempo and rhythm.
   • CODING: Iconic or Echoic
   • DURATION: 1-2 seconds, very brief.
   • CAPACITY: Huge as it includes material from all 5 senses
   • An environmental stimulus triggers the sensory register but the SR can only hold this information for a very brief period.
   • If attention is payed to the information, it will be transferred to your short term memory

2. 2. SHORT TERM MEMORY

   • Trying to remember events in the present or immediate past.
   • Will disappear or'decay' if not rehearsed
   • New information can 'displace' the current information.
     • This is because STM has a limited capacity
       • Can be extended by chunking
   • Atkinson and Shiffrin: Information needs to be rehearsed to transfer to LTM
     • MAINTENANCE REHERSAL: rehearsing something over and over again
     • ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL: helps information reach LTM. Information is thought about and linked to existing memories.
   • CODING: Usually acoustic
   • DURATION: 18-30 seconds
   • CAPACITY: Between 5 and 9 items (chunks) of information

3. 3. LONG TERM MEMORY

   • The memory for events that have happened in the distant past
   • Stored permanently once in the LTM
   • CODING: Usually semantic (meaning)
   • DURATION: Up to a lifetime
   • CAPACITY: Unlimited

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