The Religious Settlement

Seite 1

Roman Catholic:

Seven sacraments

bible and church services should be in Latin

Church acts as an intermediary between God and the people

Pope is head of church

Church can forgive sins

underneath the pope are cardinals, archibishops, bishops and priests

priests are special and should wear special clothing

priests are forbidden to marry

churches should be highly decorated in honour and clothing

during mass, a miracles happens when the bread and wine becomes the body and blood of christ

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Protestants:

there should be no pope

priests are permitted to marry

there are 2 sacraments: baptism and holy communion

it is not necessary to have cardinals, bishops or archibishops

bible and church services should be in own language

people have direct relationship with God by praying and bible study

sins only forgiven by God

churches should be plain and simple to prevention distraction from worshipping God

bread and wine represents last supper

no miracles

priests should wear simple and plain clothing

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The Clergy:

most of England's bishops were catholics

parts of England were more Catholic than others so it is less likely that people will accept protestantism

parts of north and west diocese were especially catholic

London, East angelia and south east tend to be more protestant

They had closer link with netherlands, german states where protestantism had become more popular

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The Puritans:

When Mary I was queen of England, 284 Protestants were burned

Some escaped to Netherlands

They returned to England when Elizabeth inherited the throne. They became more committed and radical

These protestants were referred to as Puritans as they wanted to purify the christian religion by getting rid of anything that wasn't in the bible

They didn't believe in hierarchy and wanted to manage their own churches so that the queen cannot become head of church

Puritan churches were very basic so they were no alters

Vestment Controversy- Puritan priests refused to wear the supplice (white vestment used by Catholics, which Royal Injuctions made compulsory)

After puritans priests refusal, they lost their jobs or were imprisoned

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Describe the religious settlement since the 1530's:

HENRY VIII- England was a Catholic Country until he made himself head of Church of England

EDWARD VI- Very Protestant, he tried to reform the church to make it more protestant

MARY I- Very Catholic, restored the Pope as the head of Church, persecuted protestants, executed them.

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Act of Supremacy:

Elizabeth made herself supreme Governer of the church

All clergy and royal official had to swear an oath of allegience

priests can marry

monuments and pilgrimages to fake miracles were banned

Meant that Elizabeth could have control of the Church

Compromise satisfied those who believed that a woman couldn't lead a church

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Act of Uniformity:

church was compulsory-fines for missing services

new Book of Common prayer -had to be used in all churches

all parishes had to have a copy of the bible in English

wording of the communion service was kept deliberately vague so both protestants and Catholics could interpret them

some decorations were kept in churches

priests had to wear certain vestments

no one could preach without a license

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Enforcing the settlement:

church was responsible for enforcing Elizabeth's religious settlement

Inspections of churches and clergy were carried out by bishops to see if people carried out the Oath of Supremacy

first visits were in 1559 and resulted in 400 clergy dismissed

village visit them every 3-4 years such as teachers, midwives, surgeons who had to show their license which allowed the church to monitor other professions for the government

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Impact of the Religious Settlement:

Elizabeth wanted a Protestant Church that Catholics would accept

Did not want them to be torn in choosing loyalty or their religion

She kept a Catholic feel to her churches

Hope that this approach would mean that the Catholic faith would fade away

religious settlement made England a protestant country but Catholic beliefs and practices continued

this designed to satisfy the majority and compromised for the sake of peace and stability

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The Clergy and People

all members of church had to take the oath of supremacy if they were to keep their jobs

8000 out of 10000 did this.

Bishops:

only one agreed to take the oath

the rest stepped down

Elizabeth anointed 27 new bishops so she can put protestant bishops in place. she needed the support of these bishops as there was a lack of qualified protestant clergy

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Role of Church of England:

ran church courts

enforced religious settlement

legitimised power to the monarch

controlled what was preached-priests need license to preach so ensure that they preach elizabeth's religious and political messages

gave guidance to communities-people turned to their parish church in times of harships and uncertainty