speech production approaches - created from Mind Map

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Garret's model

Levelt's model

Dell's model

Wernicke-Geschwind model

Hayes and Flower model of WRITING

serial theory

hierarchical model

speech production consists of five steps:

problem: model doesn't explain errors that occur across levels, as it says the levels occur independently

speech production progresses through a series of stages, with different types of processing being completed at INDEPENDENTLY each level

top-down manner

1. conceptual/inferential level

2. functional level

3. positional level

4. phonological level

5. articulation level

meaning to be conveyed is selected

content words are selected + assigned to syntactic roles (bn/zn/ww)

content words are placed in order + function words selected

speech sounds are selected

sounds prepared for speech

e.g. non-plan internal error: external intrusion to planned content (saying something wrong bc you're seeing an object)

serial theory

6 stages:

speech production progresses through a series of stages, with different types of processing being completed at each level

1. conceptual preparation

2. lexical selection

3. morphological encoding

4. phonological encoding

5. phonetic encoding

6. articulation

activation of lexical concept (word)

lemma or abstract word is retrieved from the mental lexicon

all related items are activated

morphemes that fit the lemma are selected

TOT can occur here

syllables are computed

sounds are selected

speech is made ready for output

spreading activation in a lexical network

parallel interactive processing model

four levels corresponding Garret's model:

lexical access follows six steps:

word substitutions occur bc a semantically related (but incorrect) choice achieves a higher activation than the target word

semantic level

syntactic level

morphological level

phonological level

we conceptualise what it is we want to say

structure of the sentence is devised

morphemes that make up the target words are selected

the sounds that make up those words are activated

1. semantic units are activated by an external source

2. activation spreads throughout the network

3. word unit with highest level of activation is selected + linked to the syntactic frame for the sentence

4. phonological info is activation

5. activation continues to spread, but phonological units liked to selected word become more highly activated

6. most active phonological units are selected

semantic units: meaning + interpretation of words, signs & sentence structure

repetition of word by following sequence of brain areas:

used as the basis for classifying aphasia disorders

1. auditory cortex

2. Wernicke's area

3. Broca's area

4. articulated via motor cortex

information about word meaning

prepares speech output and a motor program

cognitive model that focuses on three domains affecting the writing process

planning, translating + revising are the immediate cognitive aspects