Karteikarten
Chapter 6 study guide
Karten in diesem Stapel (25)
- 1Who is best known for studying the phenomenon of insight in animals? Wolfgang Köhler Edward Tolman E. L. Thorndike Albert BanduraWolfgang Kohler
- 2Which theorist is responsible for suggesting that the distribution of phobias in the human population can be explained by biological preparedness? Breland Garcia Seligman TolmanSeligman
- 3You wake up at 3:00 a.m., craving a glass of water. You get out of bed and walk to the kitchen but you do not turn on the light. Your ability to successfully navigate her house in the dark is due to the presence of __________. a cognitive map vicarious learning insight learning sleep learningA cognitive map
- 4The tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement is called __________. Equipotentiality instinctive drift SALTT discovery learningInstinctive drift
- 5__________ refers to a change in an organism’s behavior or thinking that is a direct result of experience. Learning Adaptation Memory AccommodationLearning
- 6__________ was the first person to describe learning as acquired through classical conditioning while studying the digestive process of dogs. John Watson Ivan Pavlov B. F. Skinner Albert BanduraIvan pavlov
- 7Whenever five-year-old Claire goes to the dentist, she becomes anxious and cries. Since she was not afraid of the dentist on her first visit, her fear was a learned behavior. The UCS in this case was probably __________. the dentist’s beard. sweet toothpaste. the pain associated with teeth cleaning. the sound of the music in the dentist’s waiting room.The pain associated with teeth cleaning
- 8As a child, Blaine was attacked by a goose and subsequently developed a severe fear of waterfowl. As he got older, the fear gradually faded until it was all but forgotten. Blaine is now in his early twenties and recently went strolling through a park by the river where he came across a flock of geese. The geese gave him a stare, and Blaine experienced a sudden surge of fear. Blaine’s fear response is an example of __________. stimulus discrimination stimulus generalization higher-order conditioning spontaneous recoveryspontaneous recovery
- 9The __________ effect refers to the sudden reemergence of a conditioned response following extinction when an animal is returned to the environment in which the conditioned response was first acquired. Rebound Recovery Renewal bouncebackrenewal
- 10Ken’s mouth waters every time he hears the ice cream truck’s familiar song in the distance. One day, a slightly different song is heard in the distance and Ken’s mouth waters. Ken’s behavior illustrates __________. stimulus generalization. stimulus assimilation. stimulus recovery. stimulus discriminationstimulus generalization
- 11When you learned that red lights mean “stop,” and green lights mean “go,” you were being trained to use a classical conditioning concept called stimulus __________. Substitution Generalization Discrimination enhancementdiscrimination
- 12Trill is sexually attracted to women's underwear. He does not need the woman to be wearing it but rather finds the silky material of a woman's panties to be arousing by itself. This attraction to a nonliving object is called __________. instinctive drift Fetishism conditioned sexual proclivity a conditioned emotional responseFetishism
- 13Which two theorists laid the groundwork for the theory of operant conditioning? Pavlov and Skinner Thorndike and Skinner Watson and Skinner Bandura and SkinnerThorndike and Skinner
- 14Which theorist believed that most of learning occurred by trial and error? Thorndike Watson Skinner PavlovThorndike
- 15Bob has learned that he can usually get what he wants from his parents if he keeps whining for something. One day Bob starts whining in the toy store because he wants a GI Joe action figure. His father refuses to give it to him and ignores his whining. What will happen? Generalization Extinction spontaneous recovery negative reinforcementExtinction
- 16Julie is expected to cut the lawn weekly. Her parents only give her money once in a while after she cuts the lawn. Julie is being conditioned using a __________ schedule of reinforcement. continuous Partial classical fixed ratiopartial
- 17Most employees work eight hours per day from Monday through Friday and are paid once every two weeks. This is a __________ schedule of reinforcement. fixed interval fixed ratio variable interval variable ratiofixed interval
- 18Mary’s parents want her to put her books in her bookcase. At first, they praise her for putting the books together in one pile. Then they praise her for getting the books on the same side of the room as the bookcase. When she gets the books on top of the bookcase, she gets praise. Finally, her parents praise her when she puts her books in the bookcase. This is an example of __________. negative reinforcement Punishment Extinction shapingshaping
- 19Token economies are reinforcement-based strategies that use points, tokens, and chips as __________ reinforcers. secondary primary negative neutralsecondary
- 20Sarah has just received her drivers’ license and is now ready to drive to school. Although she’s never driven to her school before, Sarah knows the way. The fact that Sarah can drive herself to school suggests that __________ has occurred. latent learning classical conditioning operant conditioning classical and operant conditioninglatent learning
- 21Which of the following is the best example of observational learning? Greg hears on the radio that a huge storm is blowing in, so he cancels his trip. After several hours of staring at the computer screen, Marley suddenly realizes the solution to the puzzle he is trying to solve. Carey figures out if she doesn’t give her boss a hard time, he’s a lot nicer to be around. Ingrid swam poorly until she noticed the efficient stroke of the man in the next lane; now her swimming is greatly improved.Ingrid swam poorly until she noticed the efficient stroke of the man in the next lane; now her swimming is greatly improved.
- 22Which type of neuron becomes active when we engage in observational learning? motor neuron sensory neuron mirror neuron receiving neuronmirror neuron
- 23The sudden appearance of an answer to a question or puzzle after having contemplated the issue for a period of time illustrates __________. latent learning observational learning insight learning modelinginsight learning
- 24Last month, Walter became sick after eating two chili dogs, so he no longer likes chili dogs. Walter has experienced __________. blocking conditioned taste aversion operant conditioning non-contingent conditioningconditioned taste aversion
- 25Which of the following is an example of discovery learning? a teacher individually assisting a student with a problem set. a student serving as a skilled assistant who teaches another student. a student working independently on a science project. a student scoring well on a re-test after scoring low the first time.a student working independently on a science project.
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- Psychology Karteikarten am Chapter 6 study guide, erstellt von Kira Manning am 29/06/2019.
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