Karteikarten
THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL
Karten in diesem Stapel (10)
- 1Draw the WMM
- 2What is the WMM?Model of how STM functions - devised by Baddeley and Hitch (1974).
Concerned with the part of the mind that is active when we are temporarily storing and manipulating information.
Broken into 4 components - each different, especially in terms of coding and capacity. - 3Describe the central executiveAttentional process that monitors incoming information and allocates it to slave systems; makes decisions; very limited capacity.
- 4Describe the phonological loopDeals with auditory information and preserves word order.
1. Phonological store - stores words you hear
2. Articulatory process - allows maintenance rehearsal. The capacity of this 'loop' is two seconds' worth of what you can say - 5Describe the visuo-spatial sketchpadStores visual and spacial information.
1. visual cache - stores visual data
2. inner scribe - records the arrangement of objects in the visual field - 6Describe the episodic bufferTemporary storage and integration of visual, verbal and spatial information, time-stamps it.
Links working memory to LTM and wider cognitive processes such as perception - 7Briefly outline 1 research study that has investigated the WMM using dual task performanceBaddeley et al. (1975)
Showed that PPTs had more difficulty doing two visual tasks than doing a verbal and visual task.
The increased difficulty can be explained by the fact that the two tasks are competing for the same slave system.
This shows that there must be a separate slave system to process visual information. - 8Outline some clinical evidence for the WMMShallice and Warrington - case study of KF
Poor STM memory for verbal information and unaffected STM for visual information.
Suggests that the PL had been damaged but the other systems had not.
This supports the existence of separate stores. - 9Cognitive psychologists argue that 1 component of the WMM is unsatisfactory and doesn't really explain anything. Explain this pointCritics have suggested that there is a lack of clarity over the central executive.
Baddeley states this is the most important part of the model and yet the least understood - some psychologists believe it may consist of separate components.
WMM has not been fully explained and needs more elaboration/research.. - 10The WMM also has support from brain scan research - outline this and why it supports the model.Braver et al. (1997)
Gave PPTs tasks to occupy the CE during a brain scan - an area in the prefrontal cortex lit up.
Area became brighter when the task became harder --> CE is being more taxed.
Supports the idea that different memory functions are located in different parts of the brain and supports the model's prediction that the CE will have to work harder when more demand is placed upon it - shown by increased activity
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- A level Psychology (Memory) Karteikarten am THE WORKING MEMORY MODEL, erstellt von Madison Peryer am 19/05/2017.
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- Madison Peryer
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