Flashcards
The Five Year Plans
Cards in this deck (33)
- 1When was the first Five Year Plan approved?Apri 1929 but backdated to 1928
- 2What was actual production for coal in the 1927 to 1928 period?35.4 million tonnes
- 3What was target production for coal in the 1927-1928 period75 million tonnes
- 4What was actual production for oil in the 1927-28 period?11.7 million tonnes
- 5What was target production for oil in the 1927-28 period?22
- 6What did the plans focus on?Heavy industry
- 7How much did they want to increase production by?300%
- 8What did development focus on?Coal
Iron
Steel
Machinery - 9How much did they want electricity production to increase by?600%
- 10How much time did the first five year plan take according to Stalin?Four years but targets were not actually met
- 11Why did the first five year plan fail to achieve targets?Not enough skilled workers
Not enough central coordination
Smaller industrial works and workshops failed to keep up in completion targets in comparison to larger factories - 12What did the second Five Year Plan give more attention to?Consumer goods
- 13Give the dates for the second Five Year Plan.1933-1937
- 14When were the "three good years"?1934-1936
- 15When was the Moscow Metro opened?1935
- 16When was the Volga Canal opened?1937
- 17What happened to electricity production and the chemical industries?They grew rapidly
- 18What happened by 1937?The Soviet Union was virtually self-sufficient in metal goods and machine tools
- 19How did the focus of the plan change in 1936?It focused more on rearmament
- 20What percentage of GDP was rearmament spending in 1937?1937 (from 4% of GDP in 1933)
- 21Did oil production meet its target?No
- 22Was there any considerable increase in consumer good production?No- despite some expansion in footwear and consumer goods.
- 23When was the third Five Year Plan?1938-42
- 24What did the third Five Year Plan focus on?Focused on the needs of the defence sector because of the threat of Nazi Germany to the USSR. The plan was disrupted by 1941 because of the approach of war.
- 25What were the aims?Renewed emphasis on the development of heavy industry
Promote rapid rearmament
Complete the transition to Communism - 26How much did spending increase between 1938 and 1940?It doubled
- 27What happened to steel production?It stagnated
- 28What was the biggest problem during the third Five Year Plan?Not enough managers, specialists or technicians because of Stalin's purges.
- 29What other problems were there at this time?Hard Winter in 1938
Plan was disrupted and finished early because of the German invasion of 1941 - 30Who were the Stakhanovites?A movement that emerged after Aleksei Stakhanov, a coal miner in the Don Basin, cut an extraordinary 102 tonnes of coal with his pneumatic pick in 5 hours and 45 minutes. That amount of coal was expected to take 14x as long to collect.
- 31What happened to Aleksei?He received rewards and medals and competitions were created to emulate him
- 32What could happen to managers if they failed to meet their targets?They could be accused of "wrecking", put on trial, imprisoned and executed.
- 33By 1935, what percentage of women constituted the workforce?42%