Flashcards
Anthropology—Economic Systems
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1ReciprocityThe act of balancing a transaction between individuals or groups
- 2RedistributionThe members of an organized group gather all of the money to a collection and then reallocated (distributed) it to the group
- 3MarketThe exchange of buying and selling using money
- 4Generalized ReciprocityGiving a product or service without expecting any sort of return in the near future
- 5Balanced ReciprocityThe exchange of products or services that are judged to be roughly equal value. The motivation for the exchange are social interests or goals
- 6Negative ReciprocityAn exchange motivated by the desire to obtain goods or services
- 7Social DistanceThe degree of closeness to which cultural norms specify that two individuals or groups should have
- 8TributeWhen products are given voluntarily to a person with power. Usually includes food
- 9MoneyObjects that serve as a media of exchange
- 10Market EconomyA free economy, based on market principles like the control from supply and demand, limited government interference in the economy, etc.
- 11CapitalismA market economy that encourages people to make money to be successful
- 12SocialismAn economy where the government is involved in the economy
- 13NeoliberalismThe belief that the free economy is the one that benefits society the most. A mistrust of government interference
- 14Social Welfare CapitalismWhere there is a capitalist economy, but government works to protect the rights of people and is still involved
- 15Market GlobalizationThe process where the world's national economies are integrated to become a world economy organized by market principle
- 16EconomyThe system for producing, distributing, and consuming. A social process that is present in all societies
- 17ExchangeThe transfer of goods, services, and other values between people and groups. It links production and consumption. Includes the ideas of the social exchange theory, exchange spheres, and the modes of exchange
- 18Adam SmithHas formal approaches to the economy
- 19Karl PolyaniHas substantive approaches to the economy
- 20ProductionComposed of the means and modes of production
- 21MarxThought production was the most fundamental social process
- 22DurkheimThought exchange was the most fundamental social process
- 23Levi-StraussThought that the continued growth of society depended on exchange
- 24Social Exchange TheoryRewards—Costs=Profit.
Applied to social relationships - 25Exchange SpheresThe classification of goods and services
No exchange between spheres
Spheres are ranked
The items in spheres are different - 26Modes of ExchangeComposed of market exchange, redistribution, and reciprocity
- 27MoneyAnything to make payments for goods or labour
Way to measure the value of goods - 28Special Purpose