Flashcards
Pelvis
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1Describe the Sacroiliac Join• The joints between the medial surface of the Ilium and the lateral surface of the
Sacrum.
• Makes the Pelvis a “complete ring”.
• Any dysfunction will upset the whole ring.
• Structurally the SIJ are 2 joints in 1:
1. Fibrous Syndesmotic joint
2. Synovial Plane joint - 2Structure of the Sacroilliac joint1. Fibrous Syndesmosis (slightly moveable): strong Sacroiliac ligaments (Ant, Post
and interosseous) bind the Tuberosities of the Ilium to the Sacrum.
2. Synovial Sacroiliac joint “true Joint.” The lateral “Alar” surface of the Sacrum
articulates with the medial “Auricular” surface of the IIium. - 3Sacroilliac joint structure
- 42. Symphysis Pubis JointCartilagenous Symphysis joint.
Amphiarthrodial.
• It resists tensile, shearing and
compressive forces and is capable of a
small amount of movement.
• The articular surfaces (the Pubic bones)
have a thin Hyaline Cartilage covering. - 53. Coccygeal JointSacrococcygeal Joint:
• Cartilagenous Symphysis joint.
• Amphiarthrodial.
• Is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in
old age. (synostosis) - 61. SIJ LigamentsPrimary:
1. Interosseous
2. Posterior SI
3. Anterior SI
Secondary:
1. Iliolumbar
2. Sacrospinous
3. Sacrotuberous - 71. Interosseous Sacroiliac Ligament:• Massive ligament located posteriorly in the Cleft, forming the strongest part of
the Fibrous SIJ.
• FN: Resists anterior and inferior motion of the sacrum.
***This ligament is so strong, the pelvis often fractures before it will tear!! - 82. Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament –Lies posterior to the interosseous SI Ligament.
(has both long and short fibres) – stabilizes the SI joint.
FN: Resists excessive counternutation.
• Palpated directly below PSIS = source of pain. - 92. Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament –Strengthens the ventral / anterior portion of
the capsule / joint. It is thin and weak and commonly injured = source of Pain
• FN: Resists excessive nutation. - 10Pic
- 11—
- 121. Iliolumbar Ligament:Strong band of fibers running between the Iliaccrest and the Transverse process of the L5.
• FN: prevent anterior translation & excessive
rotation of L5. - 132. Sacrospinous Ligament:Anterior to the Sacrotuberous ligament.
• Medial attachment to the lateral margin of
the lower 1/2 of the Sacrum and Coccyx.
• Lateral attachment to the Spine of the
Ischium.
• Fibers run transversely and laterally.
• FN: Resists Sacral nutation during weight
bearing. - 143. Sacrotuberous LigamentProximal attachment to PSIS, PIIS, lower
1/2 of the dorsal Sacrum, lower 1/2 of the
lateral Sacral crest and Coccyx.
• Fibers runs downward and laterally.
• Distal attachment to the Ischial
tuberosity.
• FN: Stabilize Sacral nutation and resists
counternutation during weight bearing. - 15ligaments
- 162. Symphysis Pubis Ligaments1. Superior Pubic Ligament
2. Inferior Pubic Ligament
3. Anterior Pubic Ligament
4. Posterior Pubic Ligament / Arcuate
*FN: All Stabilize the Pubic Joint - 173. Coccygeal Ligaments1. Anterior ligament: extension of the ALL.
2. Posterior ligament: deep and superficial
portions. Deep is an extension of the PLL and
the superficial is an extension of the
Ligamentum Flavum.
3. 3 lateral Sacrococcygeal ligaments; Run from
the lower lateral angles of the Sacrum to the
TVP of the Coccyx.
FN: to stabilize / strengthen the articulation. - 181&2 Sacral Nutation and Counternutation• Sacral Nutation: Sacral Base (S1) tilts
anteriorly and inferiorly, Sacral Apex
(S3) moves posterior / superior.
• Sacral Counter Nutation: Sacral Base
(S1) tilts back (posteriorly superiorly)
to the neutral position from an
anterior position. Sacral Apex (S3) tilts
anteriorly inferiorly. - 193. Sacral Torsion / RotationOccur along an oblique Axis
(OA) of Rotation.
• Right Oblique axis (ROA) = from
right anterior Base (S1) to left
lower Sacrum (left Apex / S3)
• Left oblique axis (LOA) = from
left anterior Base (S1) to right
lower Sacrum (right Apex / S3) - 20Sacral Torsion/Rotation
- 21Trunk Lat Flex vs Sacral RotationTrunk Lat Flex = Sacral Torsion around the ipsilateral
/ same oblique axis.
• E.g. Right Trunk Lat Flex, the right oblique sacral axis
is engaged and Sacrum rotates right / left Sacral base
(S1) rotates anterior and inferior.
• Left trunk Lat Flexion = left oblique axis is engages
and Sacrum therefore rotates left with left Sacral base
(S1) rotating anterior and inferior. - 22Trunk Rotation vs Sacral RotationTrunk Rotation = Sacral Torsion around the opposite oblique axis.
• E.g. Left Trunk Rotation, ROA is engaged and left Sacral base rotates anterior and
inferior.
• E.g. Right Trunk Rotation, LOA is engaged and right Sacral base rotates anterior and
inferior - 23Pelvic Motions• Anterior Tilt: ASIS moves anteriorly and inferiorly. PSIS
moves anteriorly and superiorly. (AS.) = SI Extension.
• Posterior Tilt: ASIS moves posteriorly and superiorly.
PSIS moves posteriorly and inferiorly. (PI). = SI Flexion.
• Lateral tilt: one ASIS / PSIS is higher than other.
(Left tilt = high R and low left) (Right tilt: high L and low R)
• Rotation: one ASIS/ PSIS is anterior to other. (left
rotation = R innominate rotates anteriorly. Vice versa) - 241º trunk motion causing pelvic motion (2nd)
- 251º hip motion causing pelvic motion (2nd)
- 261º Pelvic Motions with Spine and Hip compensatory Motion
- 27IAR for the SI jointsPrimary force = axial load of the body + gravity on the Sacral base causing nutation
(anterior rotation).
• Secondary force = tensile force caused on the Sacral ligaments as the lower Sacral
rotates posteriorly bc of the nutation caused by the primary force.
• Both forces are equal, parallel and in opposite directions.
If not then they have a subluxation
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- Grado Superior Biomechanics and Technique Flashcards on Pelvis, created by Calvin Soares on 07/06/2022.
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- Calvin Soares
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