Flashcards
Pain
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1There are two types of pain:sharp
dull/throbbing - 2Pain receptors are known as _____nociceptors
- 3What are the two types of nociceptor fibres?A-delta fibers - mechanical/thermal
C-fibers - as above but also substances/chemicals released by damaged tissue - 4A-delta fibers are:larger, thinly myelinated fibres -> impulsed travel faster -> acute, sharp
- 5C fibers are:smaller, non-myelinated -> slow, burning, aching pain
- 61st order neurone:picks up sensation and travels to dorsal spinal cord
- 72nd order neurone in the spinal cord can travel along 4 tracts:1. spino-spinal (flexor reflex arcs)
2. spinothalamus tract
3. spinoreticular tract
4. spinomesencephalic tract - 83rd order neurone is located in the ________, from there can travel to the ______________ and ___________thalamus
somatasensory cortex (discriminatory ascpect)
and
limbic areas (cingulate gyrus/insula) (emotional and motivation aspects) - 9What are the 4 types of analgesics?1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) e.g. aspirin
2. Local anaesthetics
3. Opioids: endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphins
4. Opioids: antidepressants - 10Local anethetics and anti-inflammatory drugs work _______ while Opioids and Alpha2 agonists work _______ and ________peripherally
peripherally and centrally - 11You can categorise pain according to what 3 things?1. Origin: e.g. deep somatic pain
2. Quality e.g. radiating
3. Severity: e.g. acute or chronic - 12What is Allodynia?pain due to a stimulus which does not normally provoke pain
- 13What is hyperalgesia?increased sensitivity to pain
- 14Hypoalgesiadiminished pain in response to normally painful stimulus
- 15What is paraesthesia?alteration of pain sensations into 'pins and needles' or tingling sensation
- 16Noxious stimuli is detected by __________nociceptors
- 17Pain information travels in ascending pathways to the somatosensory cortex and associated areas via _____________, _________, _________ and _________ pathwayslateral
spinothalamic
spinoreticular
spinomesencephalic - 18Pain is regulated via descending pathways involving that ____, ________ and ____________ in the dorsal spinal cordPAG
raphe manus
substantia gelatinosia - 19Opioid recepts ________ nerve signalsinhibit
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- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology 1 2015 Flashcards on Pain, created by b.graham on 08/06/2015.
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- b.graham
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