Operating Systems - GCSE 1.7

Operating Systems - GCSE 1.7

1. Examples of Operating Systems

   • Mac
     • OSX
   • Windows
     • 7
     • 3.x
     • 95
     • 97
   • Linux
     • Mint
   • iOs
     • 12.1.4
     • 11.2.1
     • 10.2.2
   • Android
     • Oreo
     • Nougat
     • Marshmellow
     • Jellybean
     • Lollipop
     • KitKat
     • Ice Cream Sandwich
     • Froyo

2. User Interface

   • Graphical
     • GUI - Graphical User Interface
     • WIMP - Windows Icons Menus Pointers
     • Optimised for easy use
     • Interactive
     • Mouse and touch gesture input
   • Menu Driven
     • Cashpoint / Chip and pin
     • Successive menus presented
     • Select with buttons
     • Single option choices
   • Command Line
     • Text based
     • Less resources than GUI
     • More commands than GUI
     • Automating processes using scripts
   • Natural Language
     • Responds to questions spoken
     • Not as reliable
     • Siri / Cortana / Alexa

3. Reasons to update

   • Fix security issues
   • Emojis
   • Troubleshoot

4. Management

   • User
     • Retain independent settings
       • Backgrounds
       • Documents
       • Icons
     • Different rights to files and programs
     • Fixed / Roaming profiles
       • Fixed = School profiles
   • File
     • Data stored in files
     • Hard disc becomes fragmented
     • Rename / delete / copy / move files
     • Extension (e.g. .pptx, .pdf) show where to load the file
     • Just for user - doesn't help the computer

5. Utility Programs

   • Memory management
   • File management
   • Device Drivers
   • Operating System
     • Encrypting utilities
     • Simple or hard codes
   • Defragmentation Utilities
     • Re-organise files on a hard-disc
     • Collect free space
     • Reduces movement of read / write
   • Compression Utilities
     • Reduce the size of the file so it takes up less space
     • Compressed files must be extracted before they can be read
     • Data is lost or represented using binary e.g. zip
   • Backup Utilities
     • Copies to prevent data loss
     • Full backup - every file copied
     • Incremental backup - only changed files are copied

6. Multitasking

   • Requires memory backup
   • Processor allowing small amount of time for each thing
   • Programs loaded into RAM