C1 - Atomic Structure

C1 - Atomic Structure

1. Atoms

   • The smallest parts of elements
     • Elements contain one type of atom
   • Compounds are made from more than one type of atom
     • Compounds are represented in a chemical formula
       • (H2O)
       • (CO2)
       • Can only be separated by a reaction or electrolysis

2. Equations

   • What happens in a chemical reaction
   • Reactants on the left
   • Product on the right
   • Reactants = Products
   • Nothing is ever lost in a reaction

3. Separating Mixtures

   • Two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
   • Substances in mixtures contain their properties
   • Distilation
     • Used to obtain a solvent
   • Filtration
     • Separates soluble and insoluble solids
   • Crystilisation
     • Obtains soluble solids from a solution
   • Chromotography
     • Separates soluble colours

4. Atom

   • Electrons are negative
   • Protons are positive
   • Neutrons are neutral
   • When alpha particles are fired some pass straight through and some come back

5. Isotopes

   • Contain a different amount of protons to neutrons

6. Ions

   • Loss or gain of electrons results in ions
   • Metals lose electrons to become positive
   • Non-metals gain to become negative

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