Failure Tracing Methodologies

Failure Tracing Methodologies

1. HAZCOP (Hazard & Operability Studies)

   • Features
     • Not Cost effective unless in a high risk Situation
     • Forms Structured Brain Storming
     • Carried out by multi discipline teams
       • Teams may include
         • Study Leader
           • Recorder
             • Designer
               • System user
                 • Maint Engineer
                   • Software Specialist
                     • Safety Expert
                       • Instrument Engineer
   • Key words used
     • Guide Words - qualify intention
       • Study Nodes - locations on plant/services
         • Intention - describes operation
           • Deviation - departures from the intention
             • Causes - why the deviations occur
               • Consequences - results of deviations
   • 10 Steps of HAZOP
     • 1. Define Objectives
       • 2. Select Team Leader
         • 3. Select Team
           • 4. Define Physical Boundaries
             • 5. Collect Data
               • 6. Process Data
                 • 7. Review Design
                   • 8. Record Results
                     • 9. Implement design modifications
                       • 10. Reporting

2. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

   • Three Key Aspects
     • 1. Problem Formulation
       • 2. Key Definitions
         • Graphic Representation
           • Logic Symbols
             • AND gates
               • Needs all inputs for event to occur
             • OR gates
               • Event will occur with any of the inputs
           • Event Symbols
             • BASIC event
             • INTERMEDIATE event
             • UNDEVELOPED event
         • Design Faults and Failures
         • Operation faults and failures
         • Signal Faults and failures
       • Precise Description of top event

3. Event Tree Analysis (ETA)