Material Deprivation

Material Deprivation

1. Fear of debt

   • Callender + Jackson
     • Because of debts working class pupils saw more costs than benefits of going to university
       • Working class were five times less likely to apply. Since they were debt averse.
   • Reay
     • Working class are more likely to apply to Uni close to home, to save on travel costs and stay close to family

2. Housing

   • Direct effects
     • Housing; overcrowding can make it hard for a child to study.
   • Indirect effects
     • Housing; on the child's health and welfare. More accidents in overcrowded homes. Cold or Damp could cause ill health
   • Both lead to absences from school

3. Diet and Health

   • Wilkinson
     • 10 year olds from lower social classes have a higher rate of anxiety, hyperactivity and conduct disorders.
   • Howard
     • Young people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals
       • This weakens immune system, can lead to more absences due to illness and lack of concentration in class.
   • Blanden + Machin
     • Low income children are more likely to engage in "externalising" behaviour like fighting..

4. Cost of Education, Financial support.

   • Tanner
     • Cost of items like uniforms, books... place a heavy burden on poor families.
       • Could lead to children getting hand-me-downs and then being bullied for not fitting in.
   • Flaherty
     • This fear of stigmatisation explains why 20% of those eligible for free school meals don't take up the entitlement
   • Bull
     • Lack of financial support means that children from poor families miss out on experiences that could enhance their educational achievement.
   • Ridge
     • Many low income children take up jobs like cleaning and baby sitting which can have a negative effect on their education