Physical Science

Physical Science

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   • Matter and atoms
     • 3 most basic things
       • matter
         • Anything that has mass and volume
           • Mass
             • The variable used to quantify the amount of inertia in an object
           • Volume
             • The variable used to quantify the amount of space an object takes up
       • energy
         • holds everything together and enables any process to happen
       • Intelligence
         • The wisdom of God embedded everywhere in order and structure in nature
     • Atoms
       • protons
         • positive charge
       • electrons
         • negative charge
       • neutrons
         • no charge
       • empty space
       • ions
         • atoms with a net charge
     • Electrons
       • buzz around in a cloud
         • orbitals
         • shells
     • Development of the atomic theory
       • Dalton
         • atomic model: invisible particles
       • Thomson
         • atomic model: The plum pudding model - a cloud of positively charged material with thousands of negatively charged particles
       • Rutherford
         • atomic model: a tiny nucleus containing the positive charge and almost all of the mass; negative electrons surrounding the nucleus; most of the atom is empty sapce
       • Bohr
         • atomic model; Building on Rutherford - electrons orbit the nucleus like planets The energy of the electron determines its orbit, and only fixed energies are possible
       • quantum model
         • building on Bohr - electrons reside in orbitals of various shapes nested around the nucleus

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