Chemistry

Chemistry

1. Atoms have a radius of about 0.1 nanometers

2. The nucleus is in the middle of the atom which contains protons and neutrons and the electrons go on the outer shells

3. The whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus

4. Protons have a charge of +1

   • Neutrons have a charge of 0 (neutral)
   • Electrons have a charge of -1

5. On an Atom, depending on how many outer shells are around the outside, only a certain number of electrons are allowed on each shell. On the first shell, only 2 electrons are allowed. On the rest of the outer shell there are up to 8 allowed

6. Sometimes, depending on how many electrons the outer shell have you can make the atom positive or negative by gaining or losing electrons. If the outer shell has 6 electrons and it needs 8 electrons to make it stable, you would gain 2 electrons which would make the atom negative because electrons are negative. If the outer shell only has 2 electrons then you would lose those two so you would make the atom stable and it would become positive because you are losing negative electrons.

7. Depending on how many electrons are on the outer shell before you gain or lose electrons, the number of electrons will be what group the atom is in

8. If the atom has 2 electrons on the outer shell that means that it is in group 2