Flashcards
Diabetes
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What are the two types of diabetes?Type 1 (juvenile onset)
Type 2 (late onset) - 2What are the causes of type 1 diabetes?An autoimmune disease that occurs when T-cells attack and destroy most of the β-cells in the pancreas
OR
β-cells are infected with a virus and the body destroys them - 3What are the causes of type 2 diabetes?Cells become insensitive to insulin
Caused by choices in lifestyle
Often associated with obesity - 4Compare the insulin production in type 1 and type 2 diabetesTYPE 1
Little to none
TYPE 2
Normal but cells cannot use efficiently
OR
Not enough - 5Describe the body's reaction to insulin in type 1 diabetesPancreas is no longer able to produce insulin. Uncontrolled diabetes leads to a build-up of glucose in the blood
- 6Describe the body's reaction to insulin in type 2 diabetesType 2 occurs when the body doesn't produce enough insulin to function properly, or the cells don't react to insulin. Receptors to insulin are desensitised
- 7What are the symptoms and complications of high blood sugar?SYMPTOMS
Increased thirst + urination
Weight loss
Fatigue
Blurred vision
COMPLICATIONS
Blindness
Kidney damage
Extensive nerve damage
Atherosclerosis - 8What are the symptoms of low blood sugar?Shaking
Fast heartbeat
Sweating
Dizziness/weakness
Extreme hunger - 9Describe the treatments for type 1 diabetesInject insulin
Follow a diet plan
Exercise regularly - 10Describe the treatments for type 2 diabetesMaking lifestyle changes (e.g. eating healthily, losing weight, exercising regularly)
if condition worsens, medication may be used to keep glucose concentration at normal levels - 11Human insulin can be made by GM bacteria. Why might using GM bacteria be much better than using pig insulin?Cheaper than extracting it from animal pancreases
Large quantities can be produced
GM bacteria make human insulin (less likely to be rejected or to have an allergic response)
Some people prefer insulin from GM bacteria for ethical/religious reasons - 12Describe one way in which diabetes could be curedStem cells are grown into β-cells, which would then be implanted into the pancreas of a person with type 1 diabetes. This means the person would be able to make insulin as normal
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Diabetes, created by Deleted user on 05/03/2018.
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- Deleted user · Mar 2018
- Updated
- Mar 5, 2018
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- Created by Yinka F · Feb 17, 2018
- Copied by Yinka F · Mar 5, 2018
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