Flashcards
TERMS P&A CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PERCEPTION
Cards in this deck (33)
- 1EYESSpherical receptors which contain a light-sensitive chemical, to sense light
- 2PERCEPTUAL PROCESSSequence of steps of processes involved in perception.
Processes that work together to determine our experience of and reaction to stimuli in the environment - 3STIMULUSRefers to what is "out there", what we pay attention to and also to what stimulates our receptors
- 4ELECTRICITYElectrical signals that are created by the receptors and transmitted to the brain
- 5EXPERIENCE AND ACTIONRefers to our goal to perceive, recognize and react to the stimuli
- 6KNOWLEDGERefers to the knowledge we bring to the perceptual situation
- 7ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULUSAll of the things in the environment that we can potentially perceive
- 8RECEPTORSTransform energy from the environment into electrical signals in the nervous system
- 9TRANSDUCTIONTransformation of one form of energy into another form of energy
- 10TRANSMISSIONProcess in which one neuron activates the next one
- 11PROCESSINGProcess of interaction between neurons
- 12PERCEPTIONOccurs when the electrical signals that represent the stimulus are transformed by the brain into our experience
- 13RECOGNITIONAbility to place one object in a category
- 14ACTIONMotor activities
- 15KNOWLEDGEAny information that the perceiver brings to a situation. Can affect a number of steps in the perceptual process
- 16BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING/DATA-BASED PROCESSINGProcessing based on incoming data
- 17TOP-DOWN PROCESSING/ KNOWLEDGE-BASED PROCESSINGProcessing based on (previous) knowledge
- 18PSYCHOPHYSICSQuantitative methods to measure relationships between stimuli (physics) and perception (psycho).
Gustav Fechner - 19PHYSIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO PERCEPTIONMeasuring the relationship between stimuli and physiological process and between physiological process and perception.
Stimuli-Physiological processes-Perception - 20COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON PERCEPTIONKnowledge, memories and expectations
- 21DESCRIBINGIndicating the characteristics of a stimulus
- 22RECOGNIZINGPlacing the stimulus in a specific category
- 23DETECTINGBeing aware of a barely detectable aspect of a stimulus
- 24PERCEIVING MAGNITUDEBeing aware of the size or intensity of a stimulus
- 25SEARCHINGLooking for a specific stimulus among a number of other stimuli
- 26CLASSICAL PSYCHOPHYSICAL METHODSOriginal methods used to measure the stimulus-perception relationship.
They are: methods of limits, adjustment and constant stimuli - 27PSYCHOPHYSICAL APPROACHFocuses on the relationship between the physical properties of stimuli and the perceptual responses to these stimuli
- 28ABSOLUTE THRESHOLDSmalles amount of stimulus energy necessary to detect a stimulus
- 29METHOD OF LIMITSExperimenter presents stimuli in either ascendent or descendent order
- 30METHOD OF ADJUSTMENTThe observer or the experimenter adjusts the stimulus intensity continously until the observer can just barely detect the stimulus
- 31METHOD OF CONSTANT STIMULIExperimenter presents five to nine stimuli with different intensities in random order
- 32DIFFERENCE THRESHOLD (DL)Smallest difference between two stimuli that a person can detect
- 33"MAGNITUDE ESTIMATION" TECHNIQUETechnique to measure absolute and difference thresholds
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- PERCEPTION AND ATTENTION Flashcards on TERMS P&A CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PERCEPTION, created by Nuria Nácher Soler on 28/12/2019.
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- Nuria Nácher Soler · Dec 2019
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- Dec 28, 2019
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