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Flashcards

The Development Gap

william parr English 36 cards

Cards in this deck (36)

  1. 1GDP Per CapitaGross domestic product - total value of goods, services and raw materials produces in a country per year divided by the population.
  2. 2GNP Per CapitaGross national product - total value of goods accruing to a country. This includes overseas earnings.
  3. 3Measuring Development (Social)- Healthcare
    - Education
    - Doctors
    - Life expectancy
  4. 4Measuring Development (Environmental)- CO2 emissions
    - Clean air
    - Water + air pollution
  5. 5Measuring Development (Political)- Democracy
    - Freedoms of Religions
    - Trade Union Rights
    - Anti-discrimination Laws
  6. 6Dividing up the World (Brandt line)Rich Northern hemisphere and Poor Southern hemisphere.
    - Clear division of rich and poor but is to simplistic and doesn't keep up with change.
  7. 7Rich Industrial Countries (Five fold division of wealth)These are the most developed countries in the world. - USA, Norway, UK.
  8. 8Former Communist (Five fold division of wealth)These countries aren't really poor, but aren't rich. They're developing quickly but not as quick as NICs. - Poland, Bulgaria, Czech Republic.
  9. 9Heavily Indebted countries (Five fold division of wealth)These are the poorest, least developed countries in the world. - Chad, Angola, Ethiopia.
  10. 10Oil exporting Countries (Five fold division of wealth)These are quite rich but the wealth is often belongs to a few people and the rest are quite poor. - Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia.
  11. 11Newly Industrialising Countries - NICs (Five fold division of wealth)These are rapidly getting richer as their economy is moving from being based on primary industry to secondary industry.
    1st Generation - Singapore, Hong Kong
    2nd Generation - Malaysia, Indonesia
    3rd Generation - China, India
  12. 12Human Development IndexUsed by the U.N.D.P (United Nations Development Programme) and it combines GDP per capita, education and life expectancy. Its good as it includes multiple indicators one of which is social and not just economic ones. Its bad as all the rich countries are bunched at the top and statistic hide inequalities.
  13. 13Causes of Global Inequalities Environmental (Poor Climate)If a country has a unbalanced climate then the won't be able to grow much. This reduces the amount of food produced and less food for farmers to sell so they earn less money. This can lead to malnourishment. overall the government will get less money from taxes so there is less money to help develop the country.
  14. 14Causes of Global Inequalities Environmental (Poor Farming Land)If the land is steep or has poor soil they won't produce a lot of food.
  15. 15Causes of Global Inequalities Environmental (Limited Water Supplies)Some countries don't have a lot of water. This makes it hard for them to produce a lot of food.
  16. 16Causes of Global Inequalities Environmental (Lots of Natural Hazards)This a Natural disaster which affects peoples lives a natural hazard if it has the potential to affect people. Countries which have a lot of natural disaster spend a lot of time rebuild and can't spend money on developing.
  17. 17Causes of Global Inequalities Environmental (Few Raw Materials)Countries without many raw material tend to make less money because they've got fewer things to sell. This means they have less money to spend on development.
  18. 18Causes of Global Inequalities Political (Unstable Government)An unstable government mat not invest in things like healthcare, education and improving the economy. This leads to slow development.
  19. 19Causes of Global Inequalities Political (Corrupt Governments)This means that some people in the country get richer while others stay poor and have a low quality of life.
  20. 20Causes of Global Inequalities Political (War)If there is war in a country the country loses money that they could spend on development. Equipment is expensive, buildings get destroyed and fewer people work because they are fighting.
  21. 21Causes of Global Inequalities Economic (Poor Trade Links)If a country has poor trade links (trades with few countries) then it won't make a lot of money so theres less so spend on development.
  22. 22Causes of Global Inequalities Political (Lots Of Debt)Very poor countries borrow money from other countries and international organisations. The money has to be paid back sometimes with interest. Any Money a country makes is used to pay back the money so theres no money to help develop.
  23. 23Causes of Global Inequalities Political (An Economy Based On Primary Products)Countries that mostly export primary products tend to be less developed. This is because you don't make as much profit by selling primary products.This means people make less money so taxes are less so the government have less money to spend on developing.
  24. 24Causes of Global Inequalities Social (Drinking Water)A country will be more developed if it has clean drinking water available. If people drink dirty water then they will get ill.ill people cannot work so they don't add money into the economy so overall the country has less money so spend on development.
  25. 25Causes of Global Inequalities Social (The place of women in society)A country will be more developed if women have an equal place with men in society. Women who have an equal place in society are more likely to be educated and work. If women work then there is more people working so more money being but into the economy and more money available to the government.
  26. 26Causes of Global Inequalities Social (Child Education)The more children that go to school the more developed a country will be. This is because they'll get a better education and so will get better jobs. Being educated and having a good job improves the persons quality of life and increases the money the country has to spend on development.
  27. 27Short Term (Aid)Emergency supplies in response to a natural disaster or a war.
  28. 28Medium term (Aid)post disaster and it involves trying to help rebuild a country.
  29. 29Long Term (Aid)This is about improving some aspects of development in a country
  30. 30Uni-lateral aid (Donor Relationships)This is government to government aid.
  31. 31Multi-lateral aid (Donor Relationships)This is government to the supra-national body. e.g. EU and is distributed by them.
  32. 32Charitable aid (Donor Relationships)Donations distributed by charities.
  33. 33Top-down aid (Donor Relationships)Usually money spent by the governments.
  34. 34Bottom up aid aid (Donor Relationships)Aid spent in local communities.
  35. 35Tied aid (Donor Relationships)Money given with strict conditions.
  36. 36Loans (Government, World Bank, private banks)Money lent to development projects - usually big schemes - but needs to be paid back with interest.

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Flashcards on The Development Gap, created by william parr on 08/06/2016.
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william parr
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