Fichas
Modifying Addiction
Fichas del conjunto (27)
- 1How do you link the social explanations of addictive behaviours to a therapy of addiction?If addictions are learnt through classical and operant conditioning then, aversion therapy works to counter condition these behaviours
- 2What is Aversion therapy?Where you counter condition the addict. Which means that the pleasure associated with the maladaptive behaviour is replaced by an unpleasant stimuli e.g pain or nausea
- 3How is alcoholism treated with aversion therapy?Antabuse. a drug which is designed to prevent the enzymes in the liver from breaking down alcohol leading to a build up of acetaldehyde in the bloodstream causing unpleasant side effects (nausea)
- 4How long do symptoms take to appear and what are some of the symptoms?after 15 minutes of exposure to alcohol.
Flushing, low blood pressure, headache, vomiting - 5Typically when is this treatment used?After the withdrawal stage of addiction to help prevent relapse.
- 6What is the problem with this treatment?Addicts may stop taking the medication as a means of preventing the unpleasant association from being formed
- 7What is a solution to this problem? However what is the problem with this method?Implants
It is not widely recommended for use in the UK and not available on the NHS and there is a lack of research into the drug, it could cause long term effects and also concerns about ethics of giving someone the drug this way - 8Is there any supporting evidence to using antabuse?Niederhofer and staffen compared antabuse to a placebo and assessed their participants using self report method and screening for 90 days. Antabuse group had significantly higher abstinance rates
- 9What is another method of aversion therapy used to quit smoking?Rapid smoking. Sitting in a closed room and taking a drag every six seconds until the addict feels sick or has smoked a specific number of cigarettes
- 10Is there a study to support this method?McRobbie found that compared to watching a quit smoking video, after 24 hours the rapid smoking group had less urge to smoke in the 24 hours after
- 11However whats the problem with this study?In the long term (4 weeks) the difference between the groups no longer significant and therefore the impact of rapid smoking on long term abstinence remains unclear
- 12What are the ethical costs of aversion therapy?physical symptoms of withdrawal and changes in cognition are ignored. Other methods such as CBT offer coping stratagies
Doesn't reduce cravings, which can cause tremendous stress for recovering alcoholics - 13What is alternative more ethical therapy to aversion therapy?Relies on individuals imagination to produce the unpleasant stimuli
- 14What study proves the success of this therapy?Kraft- highly effective however is not commonly used
- 15What is the annual cost of Antabsue in 2008?£2.25 million
- 16What is the annual cost of alcohol abuse in the UK? (2014)£21 billion
- 17How do biological explanations link to treating addictionsWe have to change the brains chemical balance or provide drugs that stimulate the effects of genes that have lower risk facts than the addiction
- 18What is an agonist drug and how does it help with therapy?Binds to a postsynaptic receptor and activates the receptor to produce a receptor e.g methadone is designed to imitate the action of heroine
Creating a similar euphoria to taking illicit drugs. They treat addiction by slowly reducing their dosage over time - detoxification - 19What is an antagonist drug and how does it help treat addictionThe bind to teh receptor site and block the postsynaptic gap blocking the actions of chemicals in the brain. Help break the cycle of high euphoria. And so they would no longer find their addictive behaviour rewarding.
- 20Who is the antagonist drug typically offered too?People who are in abstinence stage of recovery
Usually only offered to people who are committed to overcoming their addiction and those who are already clean. - 21What is a negative implication of using some drugs to treat addictions?Some drugs that are used as alternatives such as methadone have negative symptoms such as nausea and vomiting and hypotension
- 22what are the supporting studies for drug therapy?Naltrexone on a small group of gamblers found significant decreases on gambling levels (Lahti )
Naltrexone for heroine addiction, found it was associated with a reduction in relapse rates
NICE assessed 31 reviews of methadone and found lower rates of illicit opioid use - 23What is an alternative to Naltrexone and methadone?Buprenorphine. Activates receptors to produce an effect like methadone but also blocks the euphoria in a similar way to naltrexone
6x safer and less chance of overdose due to ceiling effect - 24What are the ethical costs of drug therapy?May react with other drugs to cause respiratory problem or overdose
Methadone caused 429 deaths in UK (2013)
'State form of addiction'
naltrexone should be monitored closely and will have withdrawal symptoms - 25How much does methadone cost to prescribe?£730 million
- 26what do DrugScope argue?'good value for money because people on methadone can function in society as their addiction is more manageable
- 27How else does methadone positively influence society?National treatment agency found that treating heroine users reduces their criminality and suggests rates of offending are reduced by half when addicts are in treatment
Información
- Descripción
- A-level (Unit 3) Psychology Fichas sobre Modifying Addiction , creado por Evie Horne el 14/05/2018.
- Creado por
- Evie Horne · may 2018
- Actualizado
- 14 may 2018
- Visitas
- 0
- Valoración