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Key Term Definitions for Relationships
Fichas del conjunto (25)
- 1Evolutionary ExplanationsFocus on the adaptive nature of behaviour (i.e. modern behaviours are believed to have evolved because they solved challenges faced by our distant ancestors, and so became more widespread in the gene pool)
- 2Sexual SelectionA key part of Darwin's theory, explaining how evolution is driven by competition for mates, and the development of characteristics that ensure reproductive success.
- 3Matching HypothesisClaims that when people look for a partner for a romantic relationship, they tend to look for someone whose social desirability approximately equals their own.
- 4Self-DisclosureWhen a person reveals intimate personal information about themselves to another person.
- 5Filter TheoryWe choose romantic partners by using a series of filters, narrowing down the 'field of availables' from which we might eventually make our choice.
- 6Social DemographyRefers to variables (such as age, social background and location), which determine the likelihood of individuals meeting in the first place.
- 7Similarity in AttitudesIf people share similar attitudes, values and beliefs, then communication is easier, and so a relationship is llikely to progress.
- 8Complementarity of NeedsRefers to how well 2 people fit together as a couple, and meet each other's needs.
- 9Social Exchange TheoryThe likelihood of a person staying in a relationship is determined by an assessment of what they get out o the relationship, compared to what they put in, and how the relationship measures against what they expect, and what they might achieve in a different relationship.
- 10Equity TheoryClaims that people are most comfortable when what they get out of a relationship (i.e. the benefits) is roughly equal to what they put in (i.e. the costs).
- 11InvestmentA measure of all the resources attached to the relationship (e.g. financial, shared children), which would be lost if the relationship were to end.
- 12Investment ModelAn explanation of relationship stability, which emphasises the importance of 3 factors (satisfaction, investment size and quality of alternative) in determining relationshipi commitment, which in turn predicts relationship stability.
- 13SatisfactionA measure of the degree to which the current partner gratifies a person's important needs.
- 14Quality of alternatives/Comparison with alternativesAn individual's assessment of whether their needs might be better fulfilled by somebody other than thier current partner.
- 15CommitmentThe likelihood that an individual will persist with their current relationship.
It is a product of high satisfaction, investment in the relationship and low quality of alternatives. - 16Duck's Phase Model of Relationship BreakdownA model of relationship breakdown, describing the different phases that peopple go through during the dissolution of a romantic relationship.
- 17Intrapsychic PhaseAn individual broods over their current realtionship, and considers whether they might be better off out of it.
- 18Dyadic PhaseAn individual confronts their partner and discusses with them their feelings, discontentment and the future of the relationship.
- 19Social PhaseDiscontentment spills over to friends and family, as the distress experienced by one or both partners is made public.
- 20Grave-Dressing PhasePartners strive to construct a representation of the failed relationship that does not paint their contribution to it in unfavourable terms.
- 21Virtual RelationshipsRelationships that are conducted through the internet, rather than face to face (e.g. through social media)
- 22GatesThe barries that limit opportunities for the less attractive, shy or less socially skilled to form relationships in face-to-face encounters.
- 23Parasocial RelationshipsAn individual is attrated to another person (usually a celebrity), who is usually unaware of the existence of the person who has created the relationship.
- 24Absorption Addiction ModelIndividuals can become psychologically absorbed with a celebrity to establish a sense of fulfilment. The motivational forces driving this absorption might then take on a addictive component, leading to more extreme behaviours in order to sustain the parasocial relationship.
- 25Attachment TheoryAn explanation of the formation of an emotional bond between 2 people (especially caregiver and child). It is a 2-way process that endures over time. It leads to certain behaviours, such as clinging and proximity-seeking.
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- A2 (Key Term Definitions (flash cards)) A2 Psychology Fichas sobre Key Term Definitions for Relationships, creado por Becky . el 29/07/2018.
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- Becky .
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