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Lecture 8
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- 1What are the two main classes of bacterial pathogens?1. Extracellular pathogens - grow outside of host cells.
2.Intracellular pathogens - grow inside host cells. - 2Give examples of some extracellular bacterial pathogens:1. Streptococcus pneumoniae
2. Corynebacterium diptheriae
3. Clostridium tetani.
4. Clostridium perfingens
5. Bacillus anthracis. - 3What are the survival strategies for extracellular bacteria.- Capsules and surface proteins that mask the bacterium.
- e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide.
- releases S.pneumoniae pneumolysin toxin.
- Can evade immune system. - 4Give an example of an intracellular pathogen.Salmonella
- 5An army of Burkoldiera Pseudomallei attacks a human. What does it have to overcome in the phagosome?1. Acid
2. Nitric Oxide
3. Defensins
4. Hydrolases
6. Superoxie/Hydrogen Peroxide - 6How do intracellular pathogens overcome superoxide free radicals and hydrogen peroxides?
- 7What happened when SodC gene was deleted in B.pseudomallei?1. No superoxide dismutase formed.
2. Bacteria dead. "reduced virulence" - 8Extracellular bacterial pathogen peptides arepresented on MHC Class..II
- 9Intracellular bacterial pathogen peptides are expressed on MHC ClassI
- 10Explain the process by which intracellular pathognes are destroyed and presented:
- 11Explain the process by which extracellular pathogens are processed:
- 12Summarise T cell Responses to Extracellular Bacteria:
- 13Summarise T cell response to intracellular bacteria:
- 14Burkholderia pseudomallei causes Melliodosis. An effective vaccine currently does not exist. What other vaccines do not exist for other intracellular pathogens>1. Salmonella enterica - TYPHOID FEVER
2. Mycobacterium turberculosis- POOR
3. Legionella pneumophilia - LEGIONNAIRES DISEASE - 15Explain the process by which Naked DNA vaccines function:- Identify and produce gene coding for vaccine component (protein)
- DNA is taken up by cells in body (muscle cells)
- These cells produce the protein
- An immune response develops to this protein. - 16Are naked DNA vaccines overall effective?- Work well in mice.
- Dissapointing trials in humans.
West Nile Fever vaccination used in horses.
Vaccine encodes coat proteins.
- Infectious Hematopoietic necrosis vaccine licensed for use in fish.
- Vaccine encodes surface glycoprotein.
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- N/A Immunology Fichas sobre Lecture 8, creado por Danial Dadgostar el 27/11/2014.
- Creado por
- Danial Dadgostar
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