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language, cognition, memory
Fichas del conjunto (65)
- 1what defines teh dominant hemispherelocation of teh language centres
- 2which area is for teh expression of languagebroca
- 3which area is for teh comprehension of languagewernicke
- 4how are broca and wernicke connectedarcuate fasciculus
- 5is teh arcuate fsciculus white or grey matterwhite
- 6where is brocas locatedinferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe
- 7what does language includespoken, written and sign language as well as symbols for concepts, objects , ideas etc
- 8where is wernicke area locatedsuperior temporal gyrus and extends around the posterior end of teh lateral sulcus into the parietal lobe
- 9what is wernicke's area dedicated tothe comprehension of both signed and spoken language and allows us to interpret and assign meaning to symbols
- 10what is teh arcuate fasiculus teh infeiror part too?teh superior longitudinal fasciculus
- 11what is it logical to have a connection between brocas and wernickesbecause you want to produce language e(brocas) that makes sense (wernickes) and understand language and respond appropriately
- 12what does the arcuate fasciculus facilitate?teh repitition of words
- 13what is dysarthria?content is intact (words make sense) but teh production of language is impaired due to a lesion to the muscles of teh pharynx, larynx, tongue or the nerves taht supply those structures
- 14which aphasia does the patient have no awareness of their disability?Wernicke's
- 15what is sensory/receptive aphasia?damage to Wernicke area
- 16what does damage to the arcuate fasciculus lead to?conduction aphasia
- 17what is teh hallmark of conduction aphasia?inability to repeat words when asked to
- 18out of all right handers, what percentage of people have their language centres in teh left hemisphere?98%
- 19out of all left handers, what percentage of people have their language centres in teh left hemisphere?70%
- 20what is teh right/nondominant hemisphere thought to contribute to in language?melody (prosody), rhythm, emotional expression and accent
- 21in which disorder is language late to develop?autism
- 22how is language affected in individuals with high functioning autisms?- they speak with a high pitch monotone
- 23in which type of dementia is language impairment a presenting symptom?frontotemporal dementia
- 24what is semantic processing?teh process that occurs after we hera a word and encode its meaning
- 25what is lexical retrieval ?teh process of getting from an abstract concept to a spoken word
- 26what did Atkinson and Shiffrin invent?the multi-storey model of memory
- 27what did they prove about memory stores?that memory consists of 3 store - sensory store, STM and LTM
- 28how does information pass between each storein a linear way
- 29how is information detected?by the sense organs
- 30how is information transferred between sensory store and SMT?through attention
- 31how is information transferred between STM and LTMif that information is rehearsed through repetition
- 32what happens if that information is not rehearsed?information is forgotten and lost from STM through the processes of displacement or decay
- 33what is teh encoding of memory store?teh way the information is changed so that it can be stored in the memory
- 34what are the 3 main ways information can be encodedvisually
acoustically
semantically - 35what does teh duration of a memory store mean?refers to the period of the information can last in the memory store
- 36what is the duration of the sensory store1/4 to half a second
- 37what is the capacity of the sensory storeall sensory experiences
- 38what is teh encoding of the sensory storesense specific
- 39what is the duration of STM0-18 seconds
- 40what is the capacity of the STM7 +/- 2 items
- 41what is the encoding of the STMmainly auditory
- 42what is teh duration and capacity of LTMunlimited
- 43what is information encoded in the LTMmainly semantic (but can be visual and auditory )
- 44who wrote about the primary and recency effect?glanzer and cunitz
- 45what did the primary and recency effect support the existence of?the existence of separate LTM and STM stores because they showed a primary and recency effect
- 46what did the 'levels of processing' model say?that teh more meaningful material encoded and stored, the more liekly it was to be recalled and not forgotten
- 47what model did badley and hitch invent?teh working model of memory
- 48what does the working model of memory show?STM is much than one simple unitary store and comprises different components (central executive, visuospatial etc. )
- 49what is a central executive?it directs resources to specific tasks that you decide to learn
- 50what is teh basis of teh supervisory attentional system?something controls what we attend to in order to learn new things and what you ignore, and some actions become automatic (picking up a pen while learning something else)
- 51in what disorder is teh supervisory attentional system lost?alcohol / autism
- 52which area of teh brain is involved in STMprefrontal cortex
- 53which structure is essential for the transference form STM to LTMhippocampus
- 54what can impair the ability of teh hippocampus to grow new neurons?stress related glucocorticoids
- 55what memories is teh amygdala involved inemotional reactions, social and sexual behaviour and smells
- 56which part of the basal ganglia is important in teh formation and retrieval of procedural memory/skillsteh striatum
- 57which cortex lobe is involved in conscious learning and episodic memorymedial temporal lobes
- 58which area of teh brain does working memory depend on ?hippocampus and pre frontal cortex
- 59which type of LTM is not directly accessible to consciousnessimplicit memory
- 60what is episodic memory?memory for events and experiences - inc. information about the time and place of an event and details about the event itself
- 61what is semantic memorythe memory of fact, concepts and knowledge that have been learned but are typically independent of personal experience and of the context in which it was acquired
- 62which cortical areas are involved in explicit memory ?hippocampus, entorrhinal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus
- 63what is emotional memoryinvolves a change in behaviour towards a previously neutral stimulus as a result of experience (smiling when see a red scarf because grandpa always wore a red scarf)
- 64which brain area is involved in conditioned reflexes?cerebellum
- 65—
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- Neuro Fichas sobre language, cognition, memory , creado por hazel wilkie el 02/07/2019.
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- hazel wilkie
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