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INTERFERENCE
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- 1What is interference in relation to forgetting?Occurs when two pieces of information conflict with each other
Occurs mainly in LTM
Interference between memories makes it harder to locate them, which results in forgetting - 2Outline proactive interferenceWhen old memories interfere with new ones
E.g. A teacher has learned so many names in the past that she has trouble remember the names of her current class - 3Outline retroactive interferenceNew memories interfere with old ones
E.g. your teacher has learned so many new names this year that she can't remember the old ones - 4Outline one study that investigated interference as an explanation for forgetting.McGeogh & McDonald - studied retrospective interference.
Gave PPTs a list of words to memorise and then have them a new list to remember - there were 6 groups with 6 different types of list, each with increasing variation to the original list.
Recall of the original list depended on the nature of the second list.
The most similar material was recalled least well - indicating that interference is worst when the material is similar. - 5How does the quantity of lab studies showing interference a strength?Interference in memory is one of the most consistently demonstrated findings in psychology - literally thousands of lab experiments have been conducted on it.
Most of these studies show that both types of interference are very likely to be common ways we forget information.
Lab experiments control the effects of irrelevant influences and thus we can be confident that interference is a valid explanation for some forgetting. - 6What is a limitation of using lab studies?Lab studies use very artificial tasks.
These are quite different from the everyday use of memory.
The use of artificial tasks makes interference much more likely in the lab and may not be as likely in the real world. - 7How is research overestimating interference?In lab studies, for practical reasons, the time between learning and recalling lists is relatively short.
This is not the way people learn things in everyday life. Usually people only go back to things they have learnt months later.
The more time between learning and recall less the chance of interference.
Research may be overestimating the importance of interference in everyday forgetting. - 8Outline one study that investigated interference in the real world.Baddeley & Hitch
Studied rugby players' memory of opponents and if it was dependent on the time since the game or how many games they had played since.
They found that the memory of a game depended on how many matches had been played in the meantime.
E.g. Somebody who played 3 weeks ago will have better memory of that game if they hadn't played since.
Conclusions - supports the idea of interference and shows that it is applicable in at least some everyday situations.
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- - (Memory) Psychology Fichas sobre INTERFERENCE , creado por Lianna Peryer el 21/05/2017.
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- Lianna Peryer
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