Lipids

Lipids

1. Storage Lipids (NonPolar)

   • Tricylglycerols
     • Energy storage in adipocytes as fat droplets 
     • Fatty Acid chains are joined to the glycerol molecule through condensation with ester linkage

2. Fatty Acids

   • Long chain, carboxylic acid (HO-C=O) found in natural fats and oils; also a component of membrane phospholipids and glycolipids.  Chains can be:  Branch  Unbranched  Saturated  Unsaturated

3. Membrane Lipids (Polar)

   • Ampiphatic, One end is polar while the other end is non polar
   • Hydrophilic end organizes itself to create as much contact with water while the hydrophobic end tries to reduce the amount of contact with water. This results in the creation of layers such as a membrane
   • Phospholipids
     • Lipid containing 1 or more phosphate groups 
     • Glycerophospholipids
       • A lipid with a glycerol backbone; fatty acids are ester-linked to C-1 and C-2 of glycerol and a polar alcohol is linked through a phosphodiester linkage to C-3
     • Sphingolipids
       • Polar head group and two nonpolar tails, they contain no glycerol
       • Composed of 1 sphingosine, 1 long fatty acid chain, and a polar head group joined by a glycosidic linkage
   • Glycolipids
     • Sphingolipids
     • Glactolipids (Sulfolipids)
   • Archaebacterial Ether Lipids

4. Waxes

   • Esters of long chains (C14-C36)
   • Can Be used as metabolic fuel 
   • Protect against parasites

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