Tourism

Tourism

1. Growth in Tourism

   • Why are people are having more holidays and longer holidays?
     • People have more disposable income (spare cash) than they used to
       • So people can afford to go on more holidays
     • Companies give more paid holidays than they used to
       • More free time so go on holiday more
     • Travel has become cheaper (particularly air travel) so more people can afford to go on holiday
     • Why are some areas becoming more people then they used to?
       • Improvements in transport have made it quicker and easier to get to places
       • Countries in more unusual tourist destinations like the Middle East and Africa have got better at marketing themselves as tourist attractions
       • Many countries have invested in infrastructure for tourism (better hotels) to make them more attractive to customers
   • People are attracted to cities by the culture entertainment and shopping
   • People are attracted to mountain areas by the beautiful scenery and activities like walking climbing skiing and snow boarding
   • People are attracted to coastal areas by the beaches and activities like swimming snorkelling fishing and water skiing.
   • Why is Tourism important to the Economies
     • Tourism creates jobs for local people which helps the economy grow
     • It also increases the income for other businesses that supply the tourism industry
     • This means that tourism is important to the economy of countries both in rich and poor parts of the world
     • Poorer countries tend to be more dependent on the income from tourism than richer ones

2. UK Tourism

   • UK Economy
     • Tourism makes a big contribution to the economy
     • The UK is popular with tourists because of its countryside historic land marks famous churches and cathedrals and its castles and palaces
     • London is particularly popular for its museums theatres and shopping it is the destination for half of all visitors to the UK
     • Tourism contributed £114 billion to the economy and employed 1.4 million people
   • Factors that affect the number of tourists visiting the UK
     • Weather
       • Bad weather can discourage tourists from visiting the UK
     • World economy
       • In times of recession people tend to cut break on luxuries like holidays so fewer overseas visitors come to the UK
         • Not all bad as more UK citizens choose to holiday in the UK
     • Exchange rate
       • The value of the pound compared with other currencies affects the number of tourists
         • if it is low the UK is cheaper to visit so more overseas visitors come
     • Terrorism and conflict
       • Wars and terrorists threats mean people ar less willing to visit affected areas
       • Tourism fell sharply after the London bombings
     • Major events
       • Big events can have attracted huge numbers of people

3. Tourist Life Cycle Model

   • Shows how visitor number change
   • 1.Exploration
     • Small numbers of visitors are attracted to the area
     • By the scenery or culture. there aren't many tourist facilities
   • 3.Development
     • More and more visitors come as more facilities are built control of tourism in the area passes from locals to big companies
   • 2. Involvement
     • Local people start providing facilities for the tourists which attracts more visitors
   • 4. Consolidation
     • Tourism is still big part of the local economy but tourists numbers are beginning to level off
   • 5. Stagnation
     • Visitors numbers have peaked. facilities are no longer as good and tourists have had a negative impact on the local impact on the local environment, making the areas less attractive to visit
   • 6. Rejuvenation
     • If the area is rejuvenated then more visitors will come as they're attracted by the new facilities
   • 6. Decline
     • Fewer visitors come as the area is less attractive this leads to decline of the area as the facilities shut or become run down