Bowlby

Bowlby

1. Attachment

   • Argued it was an innate process as a result of Evolution
     • Indentified social releasers such as crying that illicit a response in the caregiver are designed to protect the Infant
       • Brazelton found results that support this idea as when analysing videos of mother child interactions they seperated play into three phases being repeated showing organised behavior
   • Internal Working Model
     • Template of How they expect future relationships to be
       • Influence of first attachments on future relationships
         • Hazan and Shaver Love Quiz asked particpants to evaluate their relationship with their parents and their current relationships
         • They found that Securely attached people believed in lasting love whilst Avoident were cynical about the existance of love and resistant easily fell in love but were unable to find lasting love
         • Self report, Limited sample, Volunteer sample results may be incorrect. May collate all experiances on current relationship
         • Myron wilson smith conducted an obseravtion into bullying
           • They found that secure were least likely to be involved anywhere resistant were most likely to be bullies whilst avoident were most likley to be bullied
         • All of this supports the continuity Hypothesis
   • Monotropy
     • The idea that one attachment is paramount to all others which Bowlby believed was the mother and Is the attachment that forms the IWM
   • Critical Period
     • 0-18 months if an attachments does not form the results are irreversible
   • Evaluation
     • Most of his theory is widely accepted and has led to improvements on child care
     • Montropy has been dismissed by some as S+E showed that a childs first attachment was not speciel and multiple attachments was the norm
     • Massive pressure on mothers
     • Critical period has been described as more of a sensitivce period rather than a critical period by researchers such as Rutter

2. Maternal Deprivation

   • 44 thieves study
     • Came about from his clinic where often his patients were child thieves, in this he found a subgroup which showed no remorse or guilt
       • He found that of the 14 in this group 12 had experianced deprivation as a child
   • This he claimed was evidence that Maternal Love was necessary for a childs mental health and emotional devlopment as vitamins were for physical health
   • Loss of mother would mean the child would be unable to thrive, and would have lasting effects on the child such as a inanability to form bonds with other people
   • Evaluation
     • Rutter claims that Bowlby had made conclusions based on cause and effect that cannot be certain to have cause the psychopathy. And he grouped together many experiances under maternal deprivation. And was confusing deprivation with privation