Intelligence

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Define Intelligence - the ability to learn, understand, and apply knowledge and skills.

Explain IQ score - a numerical measure of a person's intelligence compared to the average score of the population, typically calculated through standardized tests.

IQ stands for "Intelligence Quotient."

Deviation IQ scores indicate how far a person's score deviates from the average score of 100, with evidence showing that IQ tests are generally reliable and valid in measuring cognitive abilities, although they may not fully capture a person's potential or intelligence in all contexts.

IQ tests were developed in the early 20th century, starting with Binet and Simon's work to identify schoolchildren needing educational support, which later evolved into standardized tests used to measure intelligence across various populations.

IQ is a specific measurement derived from standardized tests, while intelligence is a broader concept that encompasses various cognitive abilities and skills beyond what IQ tests can capture.

The "dark history" of IQ testing includes its misuse of discriminatory practices, such as eugenics and racial profiling, where scores were used to justify social inequalities and harmful policies against marginalized groups.