Ancient Egypt

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River Nile

called gift because it provided egyptions with food and water and was names it by the greek Herodus

the Delta is parts of the river that split into different parts

provided them with fish, dick, geese, oxen, birds, lions ect.

most hunters gave it up and became farmers

used spears to catch fish

travelled up river on a sail boat

provided land on either side

longest river in the world

Flooding Of The Nile

three seons

flooding season was when the river flooded, called 'Akhet' season, goes from mid july- October

Peret season was when they planted the seeds, goes from November- Febuary

Shemu seosen was when they harvested the seeds, went from March- June

measured flooding with a Nilometre which showed the height

river experts measured the river

Hyrogliphics

was egyption form of writing

had symbols as letters

Rosetta Stone

stone which has two languages on it

taught people how to read hyrogliphics

found by french soldiers while rebuilding a fort in england

carved in 196 BC

found in 1799 AD

found in village called rosetta in the delta

Pharo

most important

made sure that the Nile floods properly

make sure there is enough food

made sure that gods were kind

made sure army could defend themselves

Pharos married their releatives

owned all farming land

wore a red and white crown, a colona, a false beard, a croqk, a flal and a bulls tail

Advisers

each pharo had a viser

vizer lead government

kept pharo informed about events

head of each district reported to vizer

vizers collected tax

supervized irrigation

looked over building projects

High Priests

responsible for religous matters

oversee buildings

hold festivals and ceremonys

Military Commanders

commanded army and navy

reported to pharo

created millitary strategy

Scribes

could read and write hyrogliphics

took 12 years to become one

worked closely to pharo

Religion

worshipped many gods and goddesses

there were state, local and household gods

each god had a different meaning

some had special responsibilities

often shown with animal head and human body

Tutankhamun

ruled the 18th dynasty

died when 18

ruled for 10 years

tomb was discovered by Howard Cater in November 1922

Mummification

body is taken into ibu and washed with palm wine

all organs are removed

body is covered in natron drys body out

washed again in forty days

organs are wrapped and put into canopic jars and are ther placed back into the body with sawdust, leaves ect.

Wrapping

head and neck are wrapped in linen

arms and legs are wrapped seperately

amulets can be wrapped in layers

a preist then reads out spells to prevent evil spirits

arms and legs are tied together

a scroll with spells is placed inbetween hands

more linen strips are wrapped around body with liqued resin

cloth is wrapped around body with the god orisis painted on it

another large peice of cloth is wrapped around the body

a board of wood is painted and then placed on top of the mummy and it is then lowered in to a coffin

the coffin is then placed into a sarcophagus

Canopic Jars

store organs from mummified bodies

Imsety - liver

Hapy - lungs

Baumtef - stomach

Qbehenuef - intestines

River Nile

Rosseta Stone and Hyroglifics

Role of Pharos and Society

Religion and Tutankhamun

Mummification