Test
Virology
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Preguntas del test (91)
1Viruses can cause some of the deadliest diseases in humans and animals. What two are technically eradicated?
- ASmallpox
- BHIV
- CEbola
- DRabies
- ESARS
- FInfluenza
- GFMD
- HBlue tongue
- IASH
- JRinderpest
2In 1884 who came up with a water filtration system?
- ALouis Pasteur
- BCharles Chamberland
- CMartinus Beijerinck
- DWendell Stanlee
- ELoeffler and Frosch
3Who discovered that viruses are agents that multiply only in cells and called them "Contagium vivum fluidim"
- ALouis Pasteur
- BCharles Chamberland
- CDimitri Ivanoski
- DMartinus Beijerinck
- EWendell Stanlee
- FLoeffler and Frosch
4In 1898 the foot in mouth disease became the first viral infection in animals, discovered by....?
- ALouis Pasteur
- BCharles Chamberland
- CDimitri Ivanoski
- DMartinus Beijerinick
- EWendell Stanley
- FLoeffler and Frsch
5What type(s) of Microscopy is needed to view a virus?
- ANaked Eye
- BLight Microscopy
- CElectron Microscopy
- DNanoscopy
6What is not true about Viruses?
- AThey are small and filterable
- BThey are found in almost every ecosystem on earth
- CThey are facultative intercellular parasites
- DThey can survive outside the host for days
7What is the study of viruses in non-human animals
- Avirology
- Bvirologist
- Cveterinary virology
8What is not true about veterinary virology?
- AViruses cause low rates of mortality and morbidity in animals
- BViral diseases in animals cause tremendous financial losses
- Csome viruses are zoonotic
9What is not something Oncolytic viruses do?
- Ainfect and kill cancer cells
- Bstimulate host anti-tumor immune responses
- Cphage therapy
- Doncolysis
10What makes up a naked virus
- Aenveloped protein s/ spikes
- Benvelope
- CNucleic acid
- Dcapsid
- ENucleocapsid
- Fcapsomere
11What is the protein shell that encases the viral genome, that is usually symmetrical in shape and functions as protection, antigenic sites and attachment to host cells?
- Aviral genome
- Bcapsid
- Ccapsomere
- Dnucleocapsid
- Eenvelope
12What is a complete virus particle that consists of an RNA or DNA core with a protein coat, sometimes with an envelope, and that is the extracellular infective form of the virus?
- AVirion
- Bvirus
- Cviroid
13What is the broad terminology used to describe any aspect of the infectious agent including active and inactive forms?
- Avirion
- Bvirus
- Cviroid
14What is the infectious particle that is smaller than any know viruses and affects plants?
- Avirion
- Bvirus
- Cviroid
15What only contains small circular RNA molecules and lacks protein coats?
- AVirion
- BVirus
- CViroid
16What capsid shape is made up of capsomeres which are made up of 6-5 protomeres and form hexons or pentons?
- Aicosahedral
- Bhelical
- Ccomplex
17What capsid shape is common among plant viruses
- Aicosahedral
- Bhelical
- Ccomplex
18What genome architecture can be directly utilized by the cell to make proteins?
- AssDNA
- BdsDNA
- CdsRNA
- Dss-RNA
- Ess+RNA
19In what order are viruses classified?
- AGenome architecture-> symmetry of capsid-> Naked or enveloped-> Nucleic acid
- BNucleic acid-> Symmetry of capsid-> Genome architecture-> Naked or enveloped
- CNucleic acid-> Symmetry of capsid-> Naked or enveloped -> Genome architecture
- DGenome architecture-> Nucleic acid->symmetry of capsid->Naked or enveloped
20What are some effects of viral infections on host cells
- Aabnormal cell growth such as cancer
- BGenetic changes
- Ccell damage or death
- DNo appearance of changes
21Vertical transmission is where the virus is passed down to offspring such as canine herpes virus and BVD
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
22What are 3 examples of zoonotic viruses?
- ARabies
- BSARS
- CBuffalo pox
- DSquirrel pox
- Ebluetongue
- FBVD
23What is not a route of transmission
- Aabiotic environmental factors such as wind, water, inhalation of spores and entry into skin
- BAnimal vectors such a mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, livestock and pets
- Cdirect contact such as HIV and Ebola
- Dindirect contact such as the flu and norovirus
- Edroplets such as Ebola that do not survive long
- Fairborne such has the flu and TB
- Gfecal-oral such as the Norovirus and BVD
- HAll of the above are correct
24What animal acts as a vector for a large amount of viruses and shows little to no signs of infection?
- Acats
- Bdogs
- Ccows
- Dprimates
- Ebats
- Fspiders
25Proteins and enzymes are synthesized and functional only when a virus is inside the host cell
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
26What enzymes must the host cell provide (pick 4)
- Aprotein synthesis enzymes
- Blytic enzymes
- Cribosomes
- DtRNA
- Eenergy production enzymes
- Fendosomes
27What is the correct order for viral replication
- Arelease, assembly, replication, penetration, attachment, uncoating
- Battachment, uncoating, penetration, replication , assembly, release
- Cattachment, assembly, penetration, uncoating, replication, release
- Dattachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, release
28What is the reaction between capsid glycoproteins or enveloped spikes and the host cell receptors that is host specific and tissue-specific and in animal viruses can happen more easily because these glycoproteins or enveloped spikes are all over the viral surface?
- Aattachment/absorption
- Bpenetration/entry
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication/synthesis
- Eassembly/maturation
- Frelease/shedding
29What is the process where the viral genome (virion) enters the host cell via endocytosis, membrane fusion, or direct penetration and can classify a host as susceptible to I virus?
- Aattachment/absorption
- Bpenetration/entry
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication/synthesis
- Eassembly/maturation
- Frelease/shedding
30What penetration/entry method is via active transport without passing through the cell membrane?
- AEndocytosis
- BMembrane Fusion
- Cdirect penetration
- DFission
31How does the adenovirus enter the cell?
- Aendocytosis
- Bmembrane fusion
- Cdirect penetration
32What penetration method is only used for enveloped viruses and can be pH dependent or independent?
- Aendocytosis
- Bmembrane fusion
- Cdirect penetration
33What virus(es) undergo membrane fusion to enter the cell? (4)
- Aadenovirus
- Bpoxvirus
- CHIV
- DMeasles
- EInfluenza
- FHerpes
- Gbacteriophage
34What type of entry do naked viruses undergo and is pore-mediated?
- Aendocytosis
- Bmembrane fusion
- Cdirect penetration
35The host cell has pores on the cell surface and the virus takes advantage of these pores to inject its DNA or RNA.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
36What process is the releasing of the viral genome in the host and the destruction of the capsid?
- Aattachment
- Bpenetration
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication
- Eassembly
- Frelease
37What stage does a virion loose its infectivity?
- Aattachment
- Bpenetration
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication
- Eassembly
- Frelease
38What stage does the virus use the hose cell to make more of the genomic virus?
- Aattachment
- Bpenetration
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication
- Eassembly
- Frelease
39What enzyme does DNA replication?
- ARNA polymerase
- BDNA polymerase
- CReverse transcriptase
- DRNA dependent RNA polymerase
- ERibosomal enzymes
40What enzyme facilitates transcription of DNA to RNA
- ADNA polymerase
- BRNA polymerase
- CReverse transcriptase
- DRNA dependent RNA polymerase
- ERibosomal enzymes
41What enzyme does reverse transcrition
- ADNA polymerase
- BRNA polymerase
- CRNA dependent RNA polymerase
- DReverse transcriptase
- ERibosomal enzymes
42What enzyme does RNA replication?
- ADNA polymerase
- BRNA polymerase
- CReverse transcriptase
- DRNA dependent RNA polymerase
- ERibosomal enzymes
43What enzymes does translation for RNA to proteins?
- ARNA dependent RNA polymerase
- BDNA polymerase
- CRNA polymerase
- DReverse transcriptase
- ERibosomal enzymes
44DNA viruses do mRNA synthesis and replication in the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] using host cell DNA dependent RNA polymerase.
- Anucleus
- Bcytoplasm
45RNA viruses perform mRNA synthesis and replication in the [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end].
- Acytoplasm
- Bnucleus
46What virus does not adhere to the DNA virus replication rule?
- APox
- BRetrovirus
- Cinfluenza
- Dbacteriophage
47What virus or viruses do not adhere to the RNA virus replication rule?
- APox
- Bretrovirus
- Cbacterophage
- Dinfluenza
48What step in replication involves the packaging of the viral genome?
- Aattachment
- Bpenetration
- Cuncoating
- Dreplication
- Eassembly
- Frelease
49How can a virus release from a host?
- Abudding
- Bexocytosis
- Clysis
- Dapoptosis
- Eembyosis
50Naked virions release primarily via exocytosis.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
51What is not true about the Pox virus?
- Ait is a large virus with more genes
- Bit carries its own RNA polymerase
- CIt is the only single stranded DNA virus
- Dit produces nmRNA in the cytoplasm
- ENot all strands are zoonotic
52What is a provirus?
- AViral DNA that encodes itself into the host DNA
- Bviral RNA that persists in the nucleus of a cell
- CViral RNA that forms a plasmid
- Dviral DNA that stays dormant in the cell until the lytic cycle
53During what life cycle of a bacteriophage is a prophage created?
- ALytic cycle
- BLysogenic cycle
54What is the Eclipse period?
- Athe viral one-step growth phase where infectivity of the virus disappears due to uncoating
- Bthe viral one-step growth phase where replication of viral nucleic acid and protein forms
- Cthe viral one-step growth phase where assembly of viral genome and proteins into mature virus particles.
55What is the latent period?
- Athe viral one-step growth phase where infectivity of the virus disappears due to uncoating
- Bthe viral one-step growth phase when replication of the viral nucleic acid and proteins happens
- Cthe viral one-step growth phase where assembly of viral genome and proteins into mature virus particles
56What is the maturation period?
- Athe viral one-step growth phase where infectivity of the virus disappears due to uncoating
- Bthe viral one-step growth phase when replication of viral nucleic acids and proteins happens
- Cthe viral one-step growth phase where the assembly of viral genome and proteins into mature virus particles happens.
57A viremia is a virus spread via the bloodstream however there are 4 types of viremia. What are they?
- APassive
- BActive
- CTransportive
- DPrimary
- ESecondary
- FTertirary
58What viremia is a direct inoculation of virus in host's bloodstream and no replication at site of entry?
- APrimary
- BSecondary
- Ctertiary
- Dactive
- EPassive
59What viremia follows virus replication in the host?
- Apirmary
- Bsecondary
- Ctertiary
- Dactive
- Epassive
60What viremia is the spreading into the blood from infected areas
- APassive
- Bactive
- Ctertiary
- Dsecondary
- Eprimary
61What viremia is the spreading of the viremia to other organs and tissues?
- Asecondary
- Btertiary
- Cprimary
- Dactive
- Epassive
62What viruses follow an acute infection? (3)
- Ainfluenza
- Bpox
- Centeric
- Dretroviruses
- EFIP
- FFeline herpesvirus
- GBVD
- HJaagsiete Sheep retrovirus
- Ilentiviruses
63What is an acute infection?
- Arapid onset of disease and symptoms with a brief duration
- Bvirus remaining in asymptomatic host cell for long periods of time
- Cdiseases processes occur over long periods of time and is generally fatal
64What a latent infection?
- Arapid onset of disease and symptoms with brief duration
- Bvirus remaining in the asymptomatic host cell for long periods of time
- Cdisease processes occurring over a long period of time and is generally fatal
65What viruses cause latent infection? (3)
- Ainfulenza
- Bpox
- Centeric
- Dretroviruses
- EFIP
- Fherpesvirus
- GBVD
- HJaagsiekte Sheep retrovirus
- ILentiviruses
66What virus causes chronic infection?
- AJaagsiekte Sheep retrovirus
- BLentiviruses
- CBVD
- DRetroviruses
- EFIP
- FFeline herpesvirus
- GInfluenza
- Hpox
- Ienteric
67What viruses cause slowly progressing infection? (2)
- Ainfluenza
- Bpox
- Centeric
- Dretroviruses
- EFIP
- FFeline herpesvirus
- GBVD
- HJaagsiekte Sheep retrovirus
- ILentiviruses
68How can a virus cause abnormal cell growth, cell damage or no apparent changes? (4)
- Ainhibition of host cell nucleic acid synthesis, RNA transcription and protein synthesis
- BDenaturation of host cell enzymes
- Ccytopathic effects
- DNeoplastic transformation
- EDirve host cell to apoptosis
- FNon-cytocidal changes that persist
- GToxins that directly attack the host immune system causing immuno-suppression
- HGap junction inhibition
69What is the most specific and direct method to detect a virus?
- Avirus isolation
- Bgenome detection
- Cantigen detection
- Dserology IgM
- Eserology IgG
70What sample is required for a culture?
- AFresh biopsy/ necropsy
- Bfixed tissue sample in formalin
- CBlood sample
- Dfeces
- Esputum
- FCerebrospinal fluid
71What is a primary cell line?
- Aderived from tissues and die after a few generations
- Bdeveloped form human embryos and grow for 100 generations
- Ccancer cells that have a immortal cell line
72What type of cell line is the HeLa cell line?
- APrimary
- BDiploid
- Ccontinuous
73What is a diploid cell line?
- Aderived from tissues and tie after a few generations
- Bdeveloped for human embryos and grow for 100 generations
- Ccancer cells with an immortal cell line
74What is a continuous cell line?
- Aderived from tissues and die after a few generations
- Bdeveloped from human embryos and grow for 100 generations
- Ccancer cells with an immortal cell line
75What is the number of viruses required to cause infection in 50% of the cell culture
- ATissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)
- BLethal dose 50 (LD50)
- CInfectious dose 50 (ID50)
- DViral dose 50 (VD50)
76What is the number of microbes or amount of toxin required to cause terminal acute infections in 50% of the animals infected?
- AToxic Dose 50 (TD50)
- BViral dose 50 (VD50)
- CLethal dose 50 (LD50)
- Dinfectious dose 50 (ID50)
77What is the number of microbes required to cause infection in 50% of the animals?
- AInfectious dose 50 (ID50)
- BToxic dose 50 (TD50)
- CTissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)
- DLethal dose 50 (LD50)
78What are three detection methods for viruses?
- AImmunocytochemistry
- BFlorescent antibody staining
- CElectron Microscopy
- DStereo Mycroscopy
- ESPM
79What virus causes Negri bodies in nerve cells?
- APox
- BBVD
- CRabies
- DInfluenza
- ERetrovirus
- FBacterophage
80Embryonated chicken eggs are good for viral culturing because.... (pick 5)
- ACheap
- Beasy to maintain
- CSpecific pathogen-free eggs
- Dsheltered from natural diseases
- Eimmature immune system
- FEasy to inoculate
- Gvirus-specific
81What is not a way to detect a virus?
- Amortality
- Blesions on membrane
- Cvisual growth
- Doedema of developing membranes
- Einclusion bodies in embryo tissue
- Fpresence of viral antigens in egg
82What is not a linear double-stranded DNA virus?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolymaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
83What DNA viruses do not have envelopes?
- Aadenoviridae
- Bpoxviridae
- Cparvoviridae
- Dherpesviridae
- Epapillomaviridae
- Fpolymoaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
84What DNA viruses release via Lysis?
- Aadenoviridae
- Bpoxviridae
- Cparvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- Epapillomaviridae
- Fpolymaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
85What DNA viruses releases via exocytosis? (2)
- AAdenoviridae
- Bpoxviridae
- Cparvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- Epapillomaviridae
- Fpolymaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
86What DNA viruses causes infectious hepatitis and Kennel cough?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolyomaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
87What DNA virus causes Feline panleukopenia?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolumaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
88What DNA virus causes Orf?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolyomaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
89What DNA viruses cause a latent infection, has a lot of hosts, and the uncoating and replication is in the nucleus of a host cell?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolymaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
90What DNA virus releases via desquamation?
- AAdenoviridae
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolyomaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
91What DNA virus causes BFD and SV40?
- AAdenoviridaer
- BPoxviridae
- CParvoviridae
- DHerpesviridae
- EPapillomaviridae
- FPolymaviridae
- GHepadnaviridae
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Virology, creado por Shaye Antal el 25/03/2019.
- Autor
- Shaye Antal
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 13
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test