12095063
Description
Flashcards by Sara. H S., updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sara. H S.
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a cell? | A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. |
| Who discovered the microscope? | Zacharias Janssen (1585 - 1632), a Dutch spectacle maker, discovered the microscope in 1590. He was experimenting with lenses and decided to place two lenses inside a tube. To hi add surprise, this magnified the objects around him. |
| In 1665, how did the English scientist Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703) discover the cell? | Robert Hooke discovered the cell by looking at thin slices of cork through a microscope. He observed that the cork resembled honeycomb and cells (small contained boxes). He took note of this in his drawing of the image, not realising that he had found out about the building blocks of all living beings - cells. |
| What was Leeuwenhoek's microscope's maximum magnification? | x250 |
| In 1833, who was the Scottish botanist who discovered the inner structure of plant cells? | Robert Brown (1773 - 1858). It took 70 years to discover smaller structures within cells. |
| In 1838, what was German scientist Matthias Schielden's (1804 - 1881) mind-blowing proposition -of his time-honored that was based of the world's current understanding of plant cells that inspired later sciences to form the CELL THEORY? | Matthias's propositon was that cells are the building blocks of plants and that all plants start off as a single cell. As the plant grows, more cells are formed. |
| What is the cell theory? | The idea that all living things are made of one or cells, that cells are the building blocks of all organisms and that New cells produce from existing cells. |
| What are organelles? | The smaller parts of a cell. |
| Give three organelles of an animal cell. | Three organelles of an animal cell include: 1. mitochondria 2. lysosomes 3. endoplasmic recticulum |
| How do fungi consume food? | Fungi produce chemicals that digest the material growing in the ground. The digested materials got to their cells. |
| How do we prevent cancer? | You can prevent cancer by not consuming excessive amounts of alcohol and meat, eating well and having an active lifestyle. |
| Give four examples of treatments for cancer. | Examples of treatments for cancer include: *surgery *chemotherapy *radiotherapy *hormone therapy |
| Give an example of a unicellular (one-celled) organism. | An example of a unicellular organism is bacteria, which are small and simple cells that do not have any or organelles or true nuclei and they are a part of the Monera kingdom. |
| What group do unicellular organisms belong to? | Protists |
| Define Mitosis. | The process of a cell dividing into two identical cells. |
| What is mitosis necessary for? | In unicellular organisms, it is a way of reproduction. In unicellular organisms, it is for growth and repair. |
| How many cells are in your body? | 50 trillion |
| What is cancer? | When cell division gets out of control and cells divide in an uncontrolled manner, despite being severely damaged or needing to die. |
| What are common types of cancers out of the 200 types? | Examples of cancer include prostate cancer, breast cancer, bowel cancer, skin melanoma and lung cancer. |
| What is the difference between a benign or malignant tumour (growing spot of cancer)? | Benign tumours grow in one area while malignant tumours spread to other parts of the body and cause more harm. |
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