Flashcards
Joints
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1How are joints classified? What are the three different classes of joints?1) By the presence or absence of a synovial joint capsule
2) Caviated (synovial) vs. solid (fibrous and cartilaginous) - 2What range of movement is possible in solid joints?Little or no movement
- 3What are the four different types of fibrous solid joints?1) Sutures (premature = fontanelle)
2) Synostosis - ossified joint
3) Syndesmosis - fibrous sheet between two bones - forms compartments (interosseous membrane).
4) Gomphosis - peg into cavity, i.e. teeth - 4What are the two different types of cartilaginous joints? Give examples of each.1) Symphysis - pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs
2) Synchondrosis - costochondral and epiphyseal growth plates (disappear at adulthood) - 5What is the primary function of symphysis joints?Resist compression
- 6What are the four main components of synovial joints?1) Articular cartilage (hyaline)
2) Synovial fluid
3) Fibrous capsule
4) Synovial membrane - 7What makes up a synovial capsule?1) An outer fibrous capsule
2) Inner synovial membrane
Encloses synovial cavity and unites the articulating bones - 8What is the purpose of articular/hyaline cartilage? Which type of collagen is found in hyaline cartilage?Smooth slippery surface to reduce friction
Proteoglycans - negative charge to attract water, increases compressibility
Type II collagen (not I) - stronger - 9What does the deep layer of hyaline cartilage attach to?Calcified layer of subchondral bone
- 10What is the function of accessory ligaments?Attach bone-to-bone, stabilise the joint
- 11What is the function of articular discs/menisci?Shock absorbers, help stabilise the joint by improving articulation.
- 12What is osteoarthritis?Degradation of cartilage
- 13What type of movement do planar joints allow? Give two examples.1) Uniplanar - gliding movement
2) Intercarpal and intertarsals - 14What movements are possible at hinge joints? Give two examples.1) Flexion and extension
2) Elbow and knee - 15What is the other name for an ellipsoidal joint?Condylar joint
- 16What happens at a ellipsoidal/condylar joint?Oval end of one bone fits into the elliptical fossa of another.
- 17Give an example of an ellipsoidal/condylar joint? What types of movement are possible?1) Radius with carpals.
2) Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction - circumduction - 18What type of movement is possible at a pivot joint? Give two examples.1) Rotation
2) Head of radius in the radial notch of the ulna (held by anular ligament). C1 and C2 - atlas and axis. - 19What happens at saddle joint? Give an example and types of movement.One bone is saddle shaped, the other is rider - metacarpal and first digit (thumb)
Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction. - 20What happens at a ball-and-socket joint? Give two examples.Ball-shaped surface of joint fits into cup-like fossa.
Hip and shoulder.
(Circumduction and rotation)
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- Locomotion Flashcards on Joints, created by Anna Hogarth on 08/02/2018.
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- Anna Hogarth
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