Flashcards
Bio 20 - Unit 1, Section 2
Cards in this deck (51)
- 1Define adhesionsticks to others
- 2Define cohesionsticks to self
- 3Define biogeochemical cycles and what chemicals are a part of it opcnwhen NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, CARBON and OXYGEN are reused/recycled.
- 4Define what it means to be polarone end is +
one end is - - 5What are the properties of water? (camp hub) and What do those properties cause to happen in nutrient cycles?Properties of water
- universal solvent
- unique cohesion and adhesion properties
- high melting and boiling points
- high heat capacity
- it is polar
It causes chemicals to be recycled in nutrient cycles. - 6Define evaporation- liquid to gas
- liquid heats up and turns to gas - 7Define condensation- gas to liquid
- gas cools as it rises and becomes a liquid - 8Define transpirationwater vapour emitted from leaves of plants
- 9Define percolationwater that seeps downwards in cracks and pores in the ground
- 10Define runoffexcessive rain/snowmelt that flows into the gutter/ditches
- 11Define percipitationrainfall, snowfall, hail
- water falling to the earth - 12Define groundwaterwater that settles into cracks and pores in the ground
- 13Define water tablethe level where the water rises in a well
- 14Define rapid cyclingnutrients leaving an organism
entering the air
then going back to organisms immediately (a few hundred years) - 15Define slow cyclingwhen a nutrient is trapped in reservoirs like mountains
(for thousands of years) - 16Define combustion increase or decrease in CO2?burning that releases CO2 into the air
increase - 17Define photosynthesis increase or decrease in CO2?a process that takes CO2 out of the air and incorporating the CO2 into carbohydrates
- makes O2
- makes glucose/sugars
decrease - 18Define weathering increase or decrease in CO2?the break down of rock because of erosion
increase - 19Define uplifting increase or decrease in CO2?the formation of mountains and hills because of tectonic plate movements
increase - 20Define decomposition increase or decrease in CO2?the release of CO2 through the breakdown of matter
- can result in fossil fuels and coal if the decomposition doesn't finish
increase - 21Define cellular respiration increase or decrease in CO2?the breakdown of CO2 in animals to create energy
- takes in O2 and released CO2
increase - 22Define carbon reservoirs/sinks - name 3 places that are reservoirs increase or decrease in CO2?places that store carbon
- the ocean, the atmosphere, earth's crust
decrease - 23How do shelled creatures contribute to the storing of carbon increase or decrease in CO2?carbon is incorporated into carbonate compounds of the shell
decrease - 24What 3 things do all organic compounds have in them?- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- O2 - 25What chemical is included in the carbon cycle?O2
- 26What two ways is the carbon cycle changed?1. burning fossil fuels
2. cutting down trees - 27Explain the sulphur cycle psab- important part of proteins and vitamins
- useful when its sulphate
- airborne sulphur comes down as acid rain
- bacteria helps with the cycling of sulphur - 28when is sulphur and nitrogen most useful?sulphate
nitrate - 29Define nitrogen fixationwhen bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonium compounds
- these bacteria live in roots of legume plants - 30where do thebacteria from nitrogen fixation live?in the roots of legume plants
- 31define ammonificationdecomposers breaking down matter -> creating ammonia -> creating ammonium
- 32define nitrificationwhen ammonium is changed to nitrite (and sometimes to nitrate)
- occurs aerobically with O2 - 33where does nitrification take place?aerobically with O2
- 34define denitrification where does this take place/happen?denitrifying bacteria convert nitrite or nitrate back to nitrogen gas
- happens in anaerobic environments - 35where does denitrification take place/happen?in anaerobic environments
- 36define anaerobicsoil that has no O2 or pockets (filled with water)
- 37define assimilatioN Biosynthesis n b -> pwhen organisms change nitrates into proteins
- 38define leachingwhen minerals move out of the soil and leave rapid cycling pathways
- 39what happens when something is being decomposed?matter -> ammonia (NH3) -> ammonium (NH4+) -> nitrite (NO2) -> nitrate (NO3)
- 40some plants can use ____ all plants can use ___some = ammonification
all = nitrfication - 41phosphate is most useful in the form of ___phosphate
- 42the phosphorus cycle has a ___ and ___ cycleslow and rapid
- 43what happens to phosphorus in a slow cycle?- phosphate goes to the bottom of the ocean
- it settles into detritus/debris
- it forms into rock
- won't come back up until the rock turns into a mountain and goes through erosion - 44what happens to phosphorus in a rapid cycle?- phosphate is taken up by plants
- moves to animals
- decomposers returns the phosphate to the soil
- the plants take it up again - 45what is phosphate used in?cell membranes and energy storage molecules
- 46what are the three groups/things that are the ''effect of humans on the three cycles?''1. acid rain
2. greenhouse effect
3. fertilizers and ecosystems - 47what two compounds are used in the formation of acid rain? how is the acid rain formed? acid rain acid sounds like s rain ends with nsulphur + nitrogen
sulphur dioxides become sulphuric
nitrogen dioxides become nitric
they mix with water vapour - 48what chemicals are involved in the greenhouse effect?Carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, sulphur, CFC's, and H4's
- 49what happens when fertilizers are in runoff?the fertilizer results in algae blooms in rivers/streams which can kill plants and animals
- 50what compound do plants use to make leaves? what compound do plants use to make fruits/flowers?leaves -> nitrates
fruits/flowers -> phosphorus - 51Define biomagnificationtoxins that spread along the food chain
Information
- Description
- Grade 11 Biology (Bio 20 - Unit 1) Flashcards on Bio 20 - Unit 1, Section 2, created by Olivia Barberio on 12/02/2018.
- Created by
- Olivia Barberio
- Views
- 0
- Rating